Free Exhibits - District Court of Colorado - Colorado

Case 1:03-cv-02579-RPM
_J

Document 141-4

Filed 01/11/2007

Page 1 of 17

United States Patent
Mder AUTOMATIC
APPARATUS
Inventor Assignee
Calif

tin

Patent

Number
of

4491186
Jan

Date

Patent

DRILLING

AND
Tex

Assistant

Attorney Agent Robert Aider
International

Bui ExaminerThuy or FirmKlein Szekeres

Fischer

57
This with
invention relates

ABSTRACT
to

process

of automatic of and
tsrbine

an

in-hole

motor
relates

particularly to

type by

AppI
Filed Int U.S.

The
which

invention the

apparatus form of

process

draw works
tachometer
to

responsiye..to.a in the

Nov

signal

generated of
is

1982

by an

in-hole

train

E2IB
175/26 173/9 Search

of

period

responsive transducer to the the

rpm of
generates motor

motor

by
is

pressure responsive

signal..which. in

rpm of
of
to the

telemetrically
is

Field

of

175/26

107 173/6

the into driven

of

train applied

The
brake
the

signal

pressure to the best

convened draw
and
thus

hold

References holds

on

lines

U.S
3.031169 3.065.416 3581.830

PATENT
et al

the 254/273 175/40

rpm of the motor substantially consistant In mode disclosed this is accomplished by pro
electrical signal

ducing
pulses ating signal said
last

an and

responsive between

to pulses to

the

of

and
the

Stoner

173/9

gener
stored to

pneumatic

pressure to

responsive
said driver

FOREIGN
229374 U.S.S.R

DOCUMENTS
175/26

responsive

pressure

Primary

ExaminerStephen

Novosad

14

Cairns

16

Figures

wJ

WS

0002014

Case 1:03-cv-02579-RPM

Document 141-4

Filed 01/11/2007

Page 2 of 17

U.S

Patent

Jan

Sheet

of

4491186

ha
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17

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Case 1:03-cv-02579-RPM

Document 141-4

Filed 01/11/2007

Page 3 of 17

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Document 141-4

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Case 1:03-cv-02579-RPM

Document 141-4

Filed 01/11/2007

Page 5 of 17

U.S

Patent

Jan

1985

4491186

a/rae

Ws

0002018

Case 1:03-cv-02579-RPM

Document 141-4

Filed 01/11/2007

Page 6 of 17

U.S

Patei1

Jan

1985

Sheet

4491186

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WS

0002019

Case 1:03-cv-02579-RPM

Document 141-4

Filed 01/11/2007

Page 7 of 17

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Case 1:03-cv-02579-RPM

Document 141-4

Filed 01/11/2007

Page 8 of 17

US Patent

Jan

1985

Sheet

or8

4491186

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0002021

Case 1:03-cv-02579-RPM

Document 141-4

Filed 01/11/2007

Page 9 of 17

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Case 1:03-cv-02579-RPM

Document 141-4

Filed 01/11/2007

Page 10 of 17

4491186
efficiency

of
the

turbine

but

also

the

proper perfor

AUTOMATIC DRILLING
APPARATUS

PROCESS

AND

mance

of

rig progresses
the drill tension the drilling this

As
brake
sired

drilling

and
string to the

hole

deepens
at the

the

must allow
rate

advance
lines

de
the

BACKGROUND
The
differing the
in is

THE INVENTION
apparatus
drill

while on

maintains

an

drilling
in

are

of

two
to

kinds

desired In

the

string

power
rotary

ordinary manual
to or

rotary

accomplished of while the

either

drilling

ordinary
rotates the
drill

drilling rotation

by of

automatic
the

control

long
the
drill

of
pipe

by

brake
tension

advance
to

maintaining
the
drill in

the

surface mounts
the bit

so

maintain

weight

on

An
the

alternative

motor

at

the

end

desired

range
prior
bit art

drill

by pipe
the
it

drilling

The motor is pumped down
bit

The
drill

control

of

the

of of
is

turbine

by

control the bit

weight

the

bit to

on
the

through

the

motor
the

and

drill

and

circulated the

to as
15

the

braking on
braking action the

responsive

to

form such

the

detritus generated bore hole
is

weight

the

The
the to the turbine

of

the

affected

not nature

only of

by
the

One form
is

motor
will

weight

on

by
to entirely control

the

well skilled
this

not need

further

formation Reliance
20

drilled

those
at

art

The performance
rate function

on

the not

turbine

constant fuid

drilling

gallons

of
the

mance

is

thus

ling

per

revolutions

per

Thus
lifted

minute.-gpm is the minute bottom
with
centrifugal
bit
is

rpm
is

STATEMENT
In for 25 the

OF THE
invention
tension

as runs

when
faster
less

the

string

system of of turbine

from
rapidly
less

and

my
the

the
drilling turbine

to

the

brake

faster until oc-

the

in the

lines
is

comes

rpm
curs

torque

from through
to
at

rpm of the
of tachometer
as the

reported responds

balance

between
the

and
in

frictional

forces

When
at
in

placed

position on bottom

the the

rpm of
drilling

the

turbine
to

variation string
is

the

pressure to the

braking
position

rotating drilling input

rate

gpm
rpm of
the

in 30

responsive to

an

increase

torque with

rpm of draw works
the to control

This
to

hold

tension

drill the

while advancing of

Furthermore output and
the

at

gprn
passes

rpm of
difference drills

turbine
the

through

an

The
opti
prior stead

essential art

systems

the
lit-

mum
In as well the so

automatic
signal

and

rpm

æij invention

is that

increases

coriinwn kractjce
as in operations

both

of

itt

ordiniry
inhole

rittary

th

wluichathuates

thedraw.works.comr
change
in tension in

with an

turbine

portion
the
drill

ing

from

signal

of
bit

weight
as to for

of as rapid

on an advance
to the

lines as
is

which
the pulses adjascent circulating fluid to the
drill

draw
generated
the fluid to

comes
tachometer

obtain the

from

pressure to

by
and
the

practical

formations
rotary

be

drilled so also in the case

positioned

As
pends
drill

in

ordinary

drilling

of
de-

through
drilling

the

turbine

on on
the
is

in the

drilling

which

As
reports pulses 45
drill

drilling the

progresses
the

the

system and
the are

of

my
as

invention pressure to the

string

suspended
in

derrick
tension the
bit

rpm of
in

turbine

Excessive only reduces
the load too the case

lines thus

not

occuring an

of
pressure

fluid

on
far

the

and

pulses

sensed
is

and

conof
tar-

rate but

may
the

rupture

of

the

vettcd

to

electrical

which
not only
to the

composed

pipe
load lines

of

turbine tension drilling

frequencies bine

responsive also

rpm of the
reciprical

on

the

by
the

increase

but
the

generated

both

pump
so

increases

been

rpm of the turbine the gpm having The increase in rpm with drilling
constant
drill

and
the

The period of

the

pulses the noise the

by of

tachometer

gpm

held of torque and move from

causes

substantial

largely the train filtered to

decrease

advance
range of

may also optimum On
suIts
in

the

desirable

The rpm rpm for
re-

may

be

remove of
as

the

and

horse

power output
decrease
in

tant tension case

filtered train pulses

noises The resul background of pattern both as period of time between
responsive to the

excessive excessive causes load

of

the

and

the

pulses

an

on

the in

of

thus

of

pattern

which of
pulses

rpm of
to

the

turbine In

drilling to

reduction
excess of

rpm
it

turbine or turbine
60

voltage

order

avoid

such
to

common
draw-works
ling drilling

practice

control to control

braking
the

action

the
dril-

whose The voltage or
or the lines invention the

is

measure
is

of

the

rpm of
to

the

current

transformed

into

winch
as

hydraulic brake
drilling

measured

tensometers

mounted on
control

the

of

which is pneumatic pressure works to modify the

the
the

tension

Such
the the the

controls

on brake
is

the

may be done manually by draw works or automatically
set responsive to

of

In

my
by

recognition generates pressure to the

rpm of
pulse in surface pulse the
is

tur

whereby
signal

bine
65

tachometer

automatically

from

drilling the drilling surface fluid the
in drill

tensometer

The
input are

sensed

at

The

rpm

at

which
the

turbine

operates not

is

an

the

drilling

to

important

performance

only

such

US

Pat

WS

0002023

Case 1:03-cv-02579-RPM

Document 141-4

Filed 01/11/2007

Page 11 of 17

4491186
and June

my
25

copending 1982

application

Ser

No

392292
which
pressure to

pressure sure

variations as

into

which of

reports

the

pres

variations

function

gauges
the

While
available

may
for

use

process

or apparatus recognizable

conventional
In the tant the pulse

generation to the

of

order

to

determine
rotation

the of

pressure pulse
that the

pulses
rely

rpm of
stream which
is

and
is

cam
the

is

such

on

the to

down-hole cause
at

restriction pressure to the

of
in

period than
resultant the electrical

those
signal

ling fluid drilling able In

back
input

sensed

background
reports to substantially the

the

which
filtered

frequencies the

may be Such

pattern one
is

isolate

rpm
and

frequency
the are best to sense pulse to into the fluid the electrical

mode
nozzle

of

my

invention
variation

rotation

of

the

ground
expedients

noises are

by

filtering

signal

turbine

transformed

of

the

restriction the

common
made
the to

well-known

of and
across

valve

cam action
in

cam
as input

Provision

in the

back

pressure

conceive period between

be

my invention duration in time
the

the at

nozzle
the

which

results

in

variation as

of
15

pressure

pressure the

surface
at

which
the

is

pulse

time

rpm of

the

tur

pressure

sensed

input

to

the
at

bine
the surface

The

signal
is

The shape
lows
ing
ies

and

period the rate of rotation

magnitude
tension the 20 the signal

responsive
drilling

to lines

the controlled

pressure whose The advance and responsive
to until

shape with

of

member
of
at

whose advance
drilling

into

cam coact var
keeps
rate
in

the

Since

signal

cannot

be

the

therefore

the

pressure nizable

recog

period

completion time no which
the

time between
rotation signal
is

of

the

cam of the
to the
is

pattern
rate as the

tachometer

transmitted lines
at

The cam shape
volume of lows
to the
is

changed shape

cam
the the

rotates

which Where

the the

nozzle

works
is

from
to

the drilling

Provision within time

cam

made
25

hold

the

the the

also pulse period

fol-

desirable

range previous

during from
pulse the the

sinusoidal

pattern
rotation

may
or

be

adjustment from

of
the

the

signal

cam
the nozzle

signal

from

Either
result in

the

cam
no
at

or

both
across

may
the 30

following

pulse

period

of time during change
the
in

cam

rotation

substantially

pressure

drop

DETAILED DRAWINGS
This ence
to the further

OF THE
with refer

nozzle
sensible

is

sensed

This
the fluid

may be
the

by
nozzle

restriction

during
pulse
..

remaining period of

of

cam

rotation time

following

figures

which

now

contemplate an

rotation

time less than may be cam followed by period of the cam rotation remaining portion
restriction either expedient

of one
-35

to

be

the

mode
of

of

my

invention
cif

of

FiG
assembly

schematic

sketch

when no mate
to

my

invention drawing
the

rial

occurs

FIG
generate
the
it

schematic

lower portion

While

may be
at as the

the

the

drill

shown
2o
is

FIG
portion of
the cross-section

recognizable

pattern

of

mode
ploys the

my

invention of
the

now
to

concieve

to

be

empat

40

FIG FIG

upper on
line

latter

means

the

FIG
valve

2k

is

upper
position

section

of

2a
taken on

the

tern
In the

open
2c
is

my

preferred

order

to

distinguish

provided
fraction

period from the background to hold the rate of rotation of
the rate

noises means

22
45

FIG FIG

section

of

FIG FIG

line

FiGsection

cam
to

to

low

of

taken

of
period

the substantially

22
re

on

line

FIG
2e extension

The
lower
sulting

resultant

pulse

FIG

of
turbinTe

showing of on

sche 2b

period from

than the

those

of

background
action

matic diagram

of

portion taken on of

pumping

and

other

drilling out to 50

FIG
FIG
of 3a

line

FIG
line

noises These
isolate the

background
resulting to the

noises

may be

2k

taken

pulses

action turbine

FIG
FIG
is

which

responsive pulses as

rpm
by
the

FIG
section section

2c

on

line

44

of

The
drilling sure

pressure variations to the
in

generated

tachometer
at

appearing

pressure
is

the 55

FIG 2c FIG
FIG
parts
in

is is

on

line

55
FIG
2c

2c but showing
the

fluid

drill

sensed pressure as to

pres-

similar to are

gauge
reports

such
the

as

conventional
as either

gauge
or

which

shown

in elevation

FIG
pulse
to

which amperage
sure to

pressure

voltage fluid

2c

signal

This
or

translated hydraulic

pres
60

either the

pneumatic
signal

pressure

responsive

FIG FIG
transform
sive to the
ia

diagram block
the pressure the

two forms of
diagram
pulse an

pressure

electrical

circuit

electrical fluid to the to

The
brake
is

respon means
signal to

pressure

controls so the that

the the

application string turbine

of

the

rpm of
signal

works
maintain

tension within

FIG
the tion to the 10

schematic

showing

transform applica

controled
desired In

rpm of
so as

electrical

for

the

range
to control within pressure the to maintain provision the 65 desired

brake one
in drill

control

system
pressure amplifier
drill is

order

FIG

form

rpm of the turbine made to sense the
sure

range
the

pulses transformes

reported by

pres and

As shown composed of
turbine

and and
as

FIG
drill

collars to
bit

tachometer
in

gauge

The

gauge

pressure

connected

bore

WS

0002024

Case 1:03-cv-02579-RPM

Document 141-4

Filed 01/11/2007

Page 12 of 17

4491186
As shown
from
travelling
is

FIG
by
kelly

string

is

suspended on
the

The
acts as the as
it

is

centered

by

slotted to

tube the

9a

The knob
nozzle
area

is

valve moves valve

member
through

vary

valve

hook crown

suspended
of the

The block Jon
lines

travelling

opening
table the 6a

approach Complete
closure

water

towards

of

the

drilling

over

orifice

prevented

by

the

grooves
stall

So

preventing spaced tube 13
is

crown
line

block anchored over
to the the derrick floor

dead and
the
fast

water

hammers

turbine

line
is

composed
9ft flange
tO

at

threaded
controlled sion
in

draw and

works
spring to maintain

drum
tensometer

to

the

transfer

held guided tube

on
in

brake

ten-

shoulder
II

14 ring
is

ring

15
16

housing

by

9a

Thc
through
drill bit

pump

pumps
into

drilling swivel

fluid

under

pressure

The housing
19

with an
ports 18

ended by
piston

and through
the nozzles
in

containing
the
drill

plugs 20
bear-

tachometer and up
the annulus

turbine
to the

see

2b

and
in

2c

The

equalizer

cylinder

17
surfaces

by of

The
and
circuit signal pulses

pressure
it

gauge
as

senses electrical

the

pressure via

in

ts

ing

mounted
the interior

transmits

an
it is

to

the

between

and

the

where
responsive

and
pattern

transformed
the
is

into filtered 21 into 20

surfaces

thereto
II
is

to via

the

of

of

Vt

The
where
to
it

The see

connected

to

the

tubular

2c

extending
21
is

from notched

cam housing
to 11

cap

22

through pneumatic through

to

transducer

is

converted
signal

The

extension

provide

passage-

pressure

responsive

the

received

way 23 from
cap 22
to

exterior the equalizer to

Wt
pressure to pressure amplifier
at is

underneath

piston

cam housing 20
chamber
for

The
line

conveyed

through and

pipe

The cam housing
25

24

is is

form

25

and
to to to against 25 follower passes

counterbored

purposes ohamber

through
the signal

Y1
received

controlled

pressure pressure
is

responsive transmitted

described

This
applies

The

extends

through
shaft

the

cap

22 of 29

fluid

motor

Zt through
the of the spring

mechanical
linkage

the
is

bore
at

the

cam

brake
the

arm

mechanical

slotted

pin

action rotation

through

the

slot

29

and

cam follower
within

The
the roller to

drum
drilling

of

draw works
operating the pressure
in

to

vary

30

body

28
posirioned the cain

tension

through pipe Yt

The
between concentric with
shaft

chamber

25

Z4 opens

valve

Z5to

vent

follower

atmosphere

manual
apparatus fully

Z2
schematically

body 28 and the cap 22 The spring 32 extends between
33 on
shaft

The
above

process and will be more

cam follower
35 biases

belo
an
adaptation described
in

the

shaft

body and thtwashØr body 28
housing 22

and

The system illustratedby known automatic U.S Pat
well

cam follower
36
into

notched cap below

at

35.The

pins the

apparatus
herein

extend
at

cam follower body
ing the

bored
the

37 connectfollower

by
In applied

reference
that to

space

in

cam

patent

the

apparatus

is is

40

body

the

space 38

above
is

cam
on

follower journal

turbine

an ordinary rotary That drilling apparatus and tachometer not used or contemplated
signal applied so the pressure the amplifier

cam
on
tubular the

follower

journaled

cam 40
is

The

pressure the
in

cam

on

the

and which
unit

motor

Zt

directly

from
fluid

sensometer
applied to 45

The
the

vertical as

of

the

cam shaft cam follower
function

body 39 and and 2c The 41
38 and
the follows the the to

he
as

patent Z.

controls

pressure

cam follower body 28 the cam surface
designed
to

of

42
the the shaft the

cam 40
pressure

The
described

tachometer
the

used art

in

my
the

invention

prior to

for

example

may be one U.S Pat No
50

relation

produce

pulses

The
quired to the

cam

lifts

cam follower
sufficiently

3065416
in

prefer

employ

displace

re move
6a

my

copending

No
the to best

valve

knob valve
position to

through

valve valve

approach
nozzle

above The tachometer which to employ in prefer mode of my invention as now contemplate shown 2a 2c 24 2c The also named sub housing
to nected
the to the
drill

towards
full

from

open 2a

the

extreme

elevated

position

see
pins into

be

is

The cam
is

follower has

against described

rotation are

by

the

conthat

55

36

which
22 and

as

been

string passing enters

to

the
drill

so string

cap

into
4.0 is

above notches 35
by crank see of
held that
is

pressed

drilling the as

fluid

The cam
the

rotated

arm 43

FIG
2c and knob caused low of
in

through
turbine

and

flows

through

speed

rpm reducer
reciprocation

shown

the

arrows

see FIGS 2a 2b
60

The
by
the

rate rotation to pulses

of of

cam
surface the

is

reasonably rate

The
and

tachometer

includes positioned
in

valve housing
is

nozzle

order

confusion
at the

so

the

tachometer valve see by

pressure

held

and

thus

may
the

tachometer
orifice orifice ring

and

2b

composed with
retainer

of

be

distinguished

from

acoustic

induced

by

mounted

operations
sits

The
stabilizer

orifice 2a

65

Furthermore
shaft

translation

of

rotary

motion of
of the

of

on
transfer

see

and grooved

through
at

50

to

the

linear

displacement
the

out-

Sc

is

put

shaft

may
shaft
is

whether

rotation
is

mounted

on

output

shaft

when

turbine

WS

0002025

Case 1:03-cv-02579-RPM

Document 141-4

Filed 01/11/2007

Page 13 of 17

4491186
drilling circulation

mode

or

counterclockwise valves such

direction as
is

The
in

tube

9a provides of
the

for

fluid

passageway

See
above

shown

FIG
After fluid cating

U.S
string
is

Nos 3989114
lowered
or

or

4298077
from
the

when
as
in

drill

evacuation

the

spaces

through

the

removed

trip
in

passageways
the annul

ptng
In

spaces 18 ports
us

may be
the

with
passages stated tube

order

to obtain as

pulses

preferred prefer to

my

above 9a
to

between

and

invention speed speed used

described

herein
ratio

employ

above
will

the

equalizer
all

20
pans of
and
intrusion the are

reducer reducers
for the

of high gear
for

While

other forms

As
within 10

be

seen

transducer enclosed

worm gear drive
of

may be

housings
oil

11

best
it

my

invention
the

as

presently

lubricating input shaft flexible

against

of

drilling

mud The
mud by

contemplate
sold

to

be

prefer

to use

secured
casing
fluid

against

by

drilling

by 45

USM
drive bolted to

illustrated

FIGS
the fixed

2c
spline internal

the

57
21 housing and on the tachometer
the figures

The
case

of

Drilling

spline

cam housing The
spline the

24 and

flows between
15

walled

bly
lic

as

shown by
the

the

arrows

assem The hydrau
on cap
11
is

cup
the are

47

carries teeth

external

teeth

46
spline teeth ball

mesh 46 and

with

thrust

flowing

drilling

exerted

of

circular spline

transferred are

through
the fluid

tube 60
pressure the

two
48
is

less

number
diameter

than

on

carried

on

see
of

see FIG The
drilling the

2e

smaller bly

pitch

The

eliptical

assem
and
20

balanced
is

by

which
21
to

rotstably shaft

on
pin

drive

communicated assembly 20 see

from

to input

50

eter

housing

through

the

ports

The
the the

non-rigid 48

member
causes to

47
limited

to

the

piston

FIGS

2a

21
piston

assembly

and

number
the

of

splines teeth

on on
25

The

equalizer

compensates
in

for

non-rigid circular

member
spline

mesh

with

thrust arising from variations changes flow rate and temperature changes

Housing
tioned intervals stabilizers in

extension

housing secured see
54

housing 24 which stabilizer 52 arranged on
to transfer tube transfer ring 55 similarly

is at

posi

The
the stabilizers 2c turbine rotor to 12

assembly see

centered 2a and

in

by
stabilizer

90
the

FIGS
operates

21

and

51

to

see

2d
at

The
held

The see FIGS
turbine
for 30

high

rpm

in

the

range

by and

and

by be

retaining

of about

400
torque

2000

rpm
the turbine

The may
any conventional employed
are standard

developed tp
the

The

proportional

rpm qf
across the

rotor

as is presently example bore holes..Sitjce such turbines

The
of

pressure

drop

valve

nozzles

composed

valve

orifice the
.entir

6a
essureiir across iI

is

beJo.W
those skilled in this

jo 35
is

substantially

art

the

description

for

eter

since

entire actuating turbine

flow and
to exits

the

purposes 64 of
the

of
is

tachometer mounted and on
the into
is

The paddle 56
turbine input

rotor

shaft

extension

ter

into

the

which drop

it

may be connected
across the

extends 50
at its

The
bent into to rotate

ta
40

order on
the the

to limit the

pressure travel

valve

orifice

chometer
4.3

end $6

crank arm
the

extreme

of knob

the

knob at8a

the shaft 50

may push
in

orifice

grooved prevent

see
of water

2a 21
of

input the

see

FIG 24 As
crank clamped by clamps
turbine

2d and encased
in

and
the

The grooves
orifice

the

complete

shaft

are

and

also

the

development
as stated

hammer
at

flexible

58
65

see
45

The
high

turbine

output
axial

shaft

above
the

rotates

FIG
turbine blades

conventional 66
blades

rotor

rpm The
at

knob

only 67
as

shown
40
to

2e

desirably

much
56 and
turbine the

smaller

time

rate

The
shaft

with

stator there

one many
is

shown
50
to transferred

As
pairs the tube

is

the

crank

43 and
shaft shaft

50

is

at

the

known
The

may be

rpm of
imposed

the

output
input

speed and

tachometer

load

between and

cam 40 see
vertical

shoulder 60 tachometer shoulder
Prior to thus

through
in

transfer

61 The

50

FIGS
The
ment on
to

housing 21 tachometer 2a and 30

between

cam
its

follower
rotation

its

move
2c
and

and
the

ring

FIG
the 18

l80

assembly
ports

are

returns

lower
In so
in

position

cam see FIG on 360 rotation
travels to the position

Cam
from
the
in

removed chamber
lubricating the

from

FIGS
equalizer equalizer at the

21
is

and

the

see
55 position

2c
shown
to the

doing

above

the

piston

filled

with on

FIG
of
the

displacing lb

piston

to

seat

FIG 2a
Due
and
the pressure

end

of

11 may be
removing
the plug 60

wave
in

The cam housing
through 63
at in

24 see
drive

frequency of

sonic
it

developed
in

the

bore embodiment quency by
cally cally enters

drilling

is

desirable to i.e severely
its

the

preferred

the the

of space 65

43

The bore

62

communicates

my

invention

limit the

with
bly shaft

the the

assem
64
the

of

pressure translation

wave
the

period knob

developed
as
it

48
49

This and

is

bore
case

Ma

in

input

eliptical
is

assembly con-

and
the

exits

valve

and
the valve

cycli nozzle

dnve
through taming

shaft

49a

Communication
the

passageway
drilling

through

66
the

cam housing
beneath

65

through

which

circulates

cam mechanism
is

The period cam
during
ated
at

during each
sensible

of back on
pressure the

the
is

Communication
follower

also

provided body

change depends

cam cre
the

body

28

to

above

bore

the

shape

of

WS

0002026

Case 1:03-cv-02579-RPM

Document 141-4

Filed 01/11/2007

Page 14 of 17

4491
valve and on
the of pressure

186

10
of
the

cam The
the

as to

hold

the

pin

30

the

slot

29

as

shown

FIGS 2a
cyclic force

resultant

relates to

lb

period of on

As
the
is

the

cam

follower

cycles

imposes
the shaft

spring

32 which

holds
to

The
the spring

thus

resiliently

connected

move
of

with

If

the the the

rpm

of

the

turbine per

follower
of the

without

substantial

revolutions

second

cam 32

earn the

gear

ratto

between each

and of
the cain to the 10

Should

pressure

of

the substantially

fluid

exerted on
additional

If

the

fraction

revolution

increase

during surface sensed

tetetnetered at the surface

back
spring

pressure 32 and

at

the

knob
shaft increasing

will in slot

compress
into the

the

deflect

29

27

FIG
the

the

orifice

opening

and

The
seconds

of

the

pulse

so

generated

in

reducing

The
the

pressure 32 thus acts
the

as

overload

protection across rate

to limit orifice

magnitude

N-B
6O-c

15

and
fluid

pressure drop increases the flow

the of
the

The tachometer
In

described

above operation
are

in

the will

range

operated of about 400 to
as

drills

usual

turbine invention the

rpm
in

is

the best
is

drill-string

as

described pulses

above

2000
it

my

the

develop
20

pressure

sensed

an electro an elec and
is in

mode
in

now
and

range

to be contemplate of about 100 to about as practical

of

mechanical
trical

pressure pressure to

and gauges
are well

The may
its

value be than

may be

matter

widely
the

measure

system

illustrated

by

pressures One such the schematic respond
to the

FIG
as

see
vari well
as

The shape
lion real well the

of

the

pulse

as

well the
in

as

depends
as valve the as the

on

shape
the

func period as of the cam and its

The
25 ations the

pressure

will

pressure

background
pulses the to resulting the

noises

rpm
through

fluid as the

pressure

variation

area

of

valve

nozzle

of
the

the pressure

cam rotates
In plate
it

Referring
is

FIG
filtered the

output of 69 and
will ratio

to
ts

mode of my invention as now contem be as shown in FIGS 2b and 30 the
composed of
is in

filtered the

in

30

circuit

output

and

nozzle

and shape
to

an

orifice

approach
the

6a The
is

complement
the

on shape depending as described abpve

cam gear
is

and

As described knob
the as

The
pressure ered to

filtered pulses

output
delivered

the

electrical

of
it dcliv-

valve

grooved
open
josi.35

tachometer

As
tion

shown
on

2b cam and

to

the

closed

shown
rotation

FIG
of
region

positidn
the

square
the as

ae

cOmparator One

71

where
And
that

transformed

ofpeHodqbaTr.thrtme beSen
pulse

during one valve of knob
the areas

half

of

the

arrival

of

the

pulse

of

first

determined
are well circuits the

tachometer and

See
are offered as

Such
silicon

movement
approach
the the pressure free

as

it

moves
fluid

through
40

comparators
chip

cross

sectional

of

the

path change
as the the

The output of
which
tor

comparator

is

fed

to

computer

72

no drop
in

crystal

square square
the

oscilla

the

fluid

path and

However

and

counter

The
initiates

from square duriag from

knob
the increase area the
is

the significant

orifice significant 45

comparator wave output of
the

the

oscillator the

of counting which continues of one
signal the

back
is

pressure during
the

period between
the

The reverse
rotation by
the

true

second with

half the

of

the

cam
the 30

comparator pulse

of

arrival

of

succeeding

sinusoidal

valve of

cam combined
nozzle 6a
pulse

The counter
pulses ing to the

the

number

of
the

square dueof
to that are pulses

valve
pressure

and form

may shown
pulse as

thus

result
in

counter

from
the

FIG
periods by
the as 55

period of time
delivers digital are well

Different or

shapes
different best the

or

cam shape

responsive

period

both
In

and

Such

computers
available

and of
silicon
is

comnier
to

of

my
pulse

invention
the as

form

FIGS 2a6
illustrated

cam
in

shape

valve by

nozzle
trace

illustrated

of

FIG
The
knob
filtering ling pulses
is

The output from verter 73 which stores the computer is made
the

computer
it

con-

register as

The
signal

available altered

an analogue

by

developed frequency
isolate

the

the

convener

until

it

by and well

at

which frequency of
the the

adequate
dril 60

from Such

computer
are

to

commercially
art

are

transmit pulses has

quency

tachometer
is

known to those The output from
mounted
rotation
in

convener

is

amplified transducer available

and

con
via the

The output shaft as the cam follower body
pins

been
is

nected

to

the

electric-to-pneumatic

which

held

against the

by
65

V1
market 19477
It

form by
is

such

transducer

on

30

in slot

output
constant the

shaft

Moore

Products

House
source

Pa
102

and
spring against the

towards
is

the

orifice large to

spring

of

FIG
pressure

extend on

shaft so

Pneumatic
passes

from

iQi

enters

port port

pressure

imposed

the

through

restriction

103

to

the

output

104

WS

0002027

Case 1:03-cv-02579-RPM

Document 141-4

Filed 01/11/2007

Page 15 of 17

4491186
11 The pressure drop
the the across nozzle serves shaft restriction 105 as

12
103 modified by have
therefor selected to

employ
and of

the
feed

fluid

motor and
described
as

by-pass through 106 which of

controlled nozzle

top of

mechanical
patent

brake adjustment
in

back

seat
the the

The

vertical

the to

best

my

invention

displacement
controls external
float

and
fluid

therefor

nozzle nozzle
to the applied

be
pressure
amplifier

the

discharge
port

of

through

output
to

from

may
amplifier

be
is

104
111 containing

mounted
fluid

on
as
sili-

amplifier

FIG
and of

110
oil

in

chamber

such

marked
it

on

FIGS

U.S

Such Pat
to the
is

cone

may be

directly

pneumatic
as

The
sive ing to

at

pressure coil

responcooperatmagnet
signal to 10

motor

Z-1

motor

shown

on

an

electrical pole

signal

applied

to the

with

and of
the

permanent no

U.S The
the also

3031169
motor
is

109
the zero

zero adjustment

brake of Pat motor
acts

made by
adjustment of
the the

spring

112 through

connected mechanical by draw works drum FIG and No 3031169 The pressure applied through
drilling against It

to see

to

The
which gap and between
the

range
is

of

pressures

through
the

15

hold

the

Pat
the the

No

transducer

operates

made
and
of the the

3.031169
is

permanent
shunts the flux

magnet

end

of field applied

described to the to

signal

form

pressure
to

screw

114 which changes

magnetic 110
to the

motor

Z-1

will the

adjust

permit

density

coil on
the
in

drum
the 20
is

As 3031169
line

rotates

the

Z5
to

The
oil filled

opened

by

the

of

Z4 see which opens
vent
also

111 on of
neutral

The
the

is

oil

and
to the

of

No

the

assembly
create viscous

106

and

is

designed

which system
the stable to

from atmosphere and of U.S operation
25

see of
in

FIG
Since the by-pass

FIGS
structure

No 3031169
utility

produce

vibration

and
is

and

shock The current
magnet
restrict

vent
this

valve

Zs

described

passing to force fluid

coil

107 from

reacts

with

by reference unnecessary example of and

repetition

patent incorporated in of descrip

the to

109
the

106
exhausting pressure

close

to the

tion

flow 106
outlet the

nozzle
is

The following
as 30 functioning

operation not
as limitation

through
the rhe the pressure

port

at

the

illustration

system of the

transducer nozzle
seat

pressure

at

104

acts

on
to

the

area

of

my

invention
efficiently the
at

top of
the

the

105

unbalance output
the coil

The
400
to

turbine

operates

rpm
of
to

in

the

range speed

of

produced
is

by

transducer
proportional to

2000
as

rpm Thus
revolution

gear

ratio

the

re

at

all

times

directly

ducer
knob
35
tithe

described

designed of
the

recipricate

current

per

pfi4pyer
to

Thº
and
signal

pressure

tput
is

the to the

FIGS
electrical

ranging

about
is

which

developed and
is

gauge
amplified
in

and

the

circuit amplifier

see

gear ratio of the rpm reducer formula described above
pressure pulse

to

FIGS
see

pressure

received

at

the translated

is

and on

responsive
the pressure
at

to

As shown
the

FIG 10
the

the

201 transducer

to
is

40

speed approach

turbine rpm of knob and cam and valve orifice

the

as

operating

in the

from

electro.pneumatic

balanced diaphragms ment screw high through through 203 and Such
ucts In

202 203 and

on by
the

the

spaced

illustrated

by

FIG
in

trace one
rotation

is

generated

by pres

204

adjusted

biasing

cam and
sure pulse feeds 45

which

generates at
at

205
pressure valve

period

aat
ending

beginning
at

time 360

at

supply
to

from
the

source

201

of

cam
rotation the case

rotation

time

on

pilot orifice

output the

207
diaphragms

cam

spaced

of

the

valve
orifice

such

as

composed
the

204

to

the

exhaust are

port

209
sold

approach by
30 rotation
this

valve
trace

transducers

Co
the
is

currently

the

cam
have
of the pulses
in

results

The cam
of and
at

in the

supra above
proportional to the pressure pressure applied sensed at

case

dwell of
rise

201 The
at 55

start

07.5
the

cam may
have

of

which

at

13

at

end of

i.e

l807.5
the

FIGS
force thus

and

acts

on

the

upper by

diaphragm

203

train

developed followed
time

shape

and of

opposed
force adjusted

the

207 and

springs

output pressure and Should forces
is

period of
pulses

trace period

the

train pulses

of

cd
of one which

composed

spnng
valve
the

bias

screw

205

an the
pilot

cidi
sented time

separated duration

dct
is

by

period

unbalance 206

between

opposing
the supply

revolution

the

cam
to pulse circuit

is

repre

adjusted

by

aat

cz
and of
to

The
that

is

reestablished

interval

of one
pulse
is

The
and
art

high

pressure to the

output

may
draw

be

further

amplified prior

60

of

the

following
reports

measured

by
is

the

brake
operates

operating the

system
are

which

system of any Such
drilling

and

parameter

which
trace

responsive

the

draw

rpm of
the

turbine

works derncks

conventionally
are
in

used prior

on
art

floors

cam
of

results

in

the

the i.e the time

duration
representd

the

operated and

by
65

rotation

of

cam

from tensometers

mounted

on
to of

drilling

by

aat
The
amplitude measured of by
the the

One
present

embodiment
of knowledge
drtlls
is

me
the

which

in

my
auto-

represented gauge
at
itt

by
per

tic

of

design

FIG

matic

U.S

Pat

3031169

pressure

the

input

to

the

drill

WS

0002028

arrival

Case 1:03-cv-02579-RPM

Document 141-4

Filed 01/11/2007

Page 16 of 17

4491186
13
is

14
pressue pulse

proportional the

to

the

rpm
lists

whereupon
the

is

automatically and
is

adjusted

to

re.estab

generated
2a

reciprocation

knob
variation the pulse
psi at

FIGS
valve at the

rpm
of
the of rotation adjusted

and

21
by

For

The advance
the signal pressure the

of

the

drum

nozzle surface pressure

may
the

result

in

pressure to

should by
until

and
the

range of flow rate
in

250

an

input

from

change

and

like pressure

delivered

gpm

sufficient

to

produce
to

an

amplifiers

if

used held constant
if

rpm
2000
is

of

turbine the

the

range drop
the

of about through
type

400
the

about
as

signal
in

rpm of Z5
to
is

the

motor

and

pressure required

nozzles

changes
the
10

sense

of of

employed
the

drum
the

rotates

the

valve

periodically the pressure

The following mance of my invention and not as cam in which rise constitutes 15 about at and region
region as
at

opened
applied to

rotation

of
as
is

drum
generated
thus

vent

limitation

motor
pressure

described
at

No
the input to the perto the

330

with of

dwell about

at

3031169
motor
iod
is

applied

during

ISO

acting

in

cooperation 2a and

with

valve to proIS

rotation of

of

tachometer
the turbine

cam responsive

illustrated

FIGS
of
duration period

21

may

operate four

rate

of

rpm
driven
the
drill

duce preceded

seconds

claim

ac
60
1425

by

of
period of the

seconds

during seconds during
the

An automatic
drill

motor

connected
said

and

followed by range
psi

string

surface
sense

period to

dat
about psi

about an
described represents input pressure

string 20

containing

tachometer
pressure

to pulses

rpm
to

of

the

may
ratio

result

of

motor
drilling

and

to

generate

pressure input the the limiting

of
drill

employing of
i.e
at

cam
of

as 160

operating turbine nine

an through
the

reducer
1067

gear

of
the

tachometer
for the

turbine

to

rpm

cam
function

rotating

once

every
pressure

seconds
pressure

support
the
drill

The gauge
variation sure the as time

will

repon the time
the
start

and

weight
25

string

imposed

on

the

bit

circuitry

meaand
the the

ing means
pressure for
at

of one
for

pulse

the

input

sensing

the

pressure

and and

arrival

of

the

cd
trace

following

pulse
of

time

pulses

by

the

tachometer
to said

in is

case four not i.e
at

of

trace

which
the the signal
in

generating

responsive

pressure

e.ample

Since
available

such

case 30 trans-

pulses support
nected
drill

adjustment
said

apparatus
to

operatively

con-

period
mitted the

time during

a1

and
the

no

substantial the

to

means
the

modify
to said

weight
said signal

by

Wt

on
the

derived
available of to

at

time

at

is

memory
see
until

and
the
lii

In apparatus 35

support and

adjustment
lUtes

made

the

comprising connected
tp

drilling

following the puise
until

example
is

thecase
time-a

at derived

at

which

are

drw hdd
to said

ar

dl
under
sive

supportsid

trinThaiddflllThg
tension sufficient string signal to

by

draw
portion

and

held

the

signal

at

support

The
of through and
In

signal

from of
the to

the

rotation line

to the memory responsive cam is applied as described input

weight above
40 to said tension the

draw
works responsive and
to said

respon
result-

adjust

the

V1

the

of

ing

drilling

claim holds

said the drilling

works
lines

including

operating

system
line

the

load to

on

the

is

adjusted
If

winch
the

drum which
braking
to said

under motor
to to said said

by

disconnecting requires the

from
is

of

the

action

brake source being of source

pneumatic
pressure

system

also

from from motor
the the

connected
45

brake

mechanical weight
the

Z1 The
con-

motor
signal

said

pressure

on

the

bit

by
reports the

setting

tensometer

proper
the

tension constant

The
the the 50 support

motor adjustment on
the

driven

drill

in

ventional

manner Holding
rate
is

by
pressure

apparatus
bit

modifies
said to

weight

of
the

justment and
the

fluid

input

to

maintaiii

rpm of
the

gpm
and

is

adjusted

by disconnected
is

connected
if

to

until the desired rpm of The output from then Z4 to Z1 is connected linkage
is

motor

substantially

constant
to said

responsive
pulses

signal

pressure

generated

by

the

tachometer

has

been

The
to the

in-hole

motor

driven

drill

of claim
drilling the

in

The brake
turbine

thus
at

set

responsive

rpm of
at

the the
is

apparatus
55

includes

and

reported

The
rotation during

from of of
translated

obtained

winch
lines

for

which
tension drive adjust

completion
applied to the

the

tachometer between

cam
the

under

and means
responsive said

to to

impose
the

braking
said

force

start

on and

said

winch
to

rpm of

motor
to

of one

pulse signal to

and

the

start

means

braking
in

force

responsive lines to

The
pressure

from
fluid

into

fluid the as at to
in

the

motor
to the to
until

Zi

and
of

applied the

through

60

said

mechanical
constant

linkage

rpm rpm The

to adjust substantially

hold

constant of claim
in

braking Zt

force

hold

rpm reported
pressure

said

apparatus
holds to

includes

drilling lines

and
tension to

substantially the

constant
is

of change

winch means
65 said

under winch

motor

changed

responsive

to

braking
substantially

force

on

said

hold of

rpm signal The control
responsive
until

tension

constant

during driven

generation

of the

the

on
the an turbine undesirable

the

thus constant

to

rpm of
causes

An
in

automatic

turbine

bit

connected
held

such

change

in

the

lines

under

WS

0002029

Case 1:03-cv-02579-RPM

Document 141-4

Filed 01/11/2007

Page 17 of 17

4491186
15
tension including

16
said to for signal in-hole said the

by

works tachometer

at

the generating

period between driven
the

pulses

said

analogue

means
is

metering from an

pulses input the turbine period
at

which
the to the
drill

circulating

motor

drill

in lines

and
generatpulses turbine

draw works
constant

under

through
ing being

tachometer
to to the the

pulse

stantially

tension motor driven
said
drill

means

surface

rpm

of

11 The draw works
stantially constant

of
lines further

in

which
sub-

maintain
tension

under

comprising an electromechanical
to cal
trical filter

and
signal

comprises
to the

pressure pulses

gauge

at

said

input 10

means
period

for storing pulses said

responsive of
for the

sense

said

pressure

electromechanipulses as elec-

analogue
drill

pressure

gauge

reporting

12
wherein

motor

driven

draw draw works draw
pneumatic and
to

brake motor means
said

11 drum
to the said

to substantially

isolate

portion to the

of

the pulses

the analogue which responsive

of

connected
to

brake
IS

of

connect

pressure

by

said

tachome-

electropneumatic motor
lines

transducer

brak
an by
drilling in-hole

ter pulse

generating for the period

means
an between
electrical pulses respon-

13 The process of
driven
held
bit

bore
string

means
sive to

supported
tension

analogue

by
the steps

under

during
said

signal

which
transducer to

comprises
circulation generating

of

rotating fluid

motor
the

and

an
last

electropneumatic

convert

said

20

bit

by
bit

through
in

motor
fluid to the

named
to said receiving

fluid

pressure consaid
last

and

train the telemetering

pulses string said

drilling

responsive fluid

and means
operatively

through of

response
pulses to

pressure to said

motor
indicative

the

sur

nected
drilling

draw

maintaining
responsive to said

train 25

pulses

signal

lines

under

which

named fluid pressure The automatic in-hole turbine bit claim said draw works brake for the drum of the draw motor connected pneumatic to the brake
of
the

rpm of motor adjusting brake on drum of the draw works responsive to said to maintain the rpm of the motor substantially
14

of

constant

The

process

of generating

13

in

said responsive pressure said

draw
to said

step to

of
said the

pressure

amplifier said

connected
pressure

to

30

adjusting train

signal

said
fier

electropneumatic connected

transducer

ampli-

pulses

braking and
responsive

on

motor
driven
sLo
drill

drum of
claim -...
35 pressure paid

draw works
substantially

The
comprising means

motor
for

constant

to said

signal

40

45

50

55

60

WS

0002030