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IN THE UNITED STATES COURT OF FEDERAL CLAIMS ________________________________________________________________________ No. 03-288C (Chief Judge Damich) ________________________________________________________________________ CHEVRON U.S.A., INC., AND TEXACO INC., AND TEXACO DOWNSTREAM LLC, Plaintiffs, v. THE UNITED STATES, Defendant. ________________________________________________________________________ PLAINTIFFS' OPPOSITION TO DEFENDANT'S MOTION TO DISMISS ________________________________________________________________________

J. Keith Burt Mayer, Brown, Rowe & Maw LLP 1909 K Street, N.W. Washington, D.C. 20006 (202) 263-3208 Attorneys for Plaintiffs, Chevron U.S.A. Inc., Texaco Inc., and Texaco Downstream LLC

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TABLE OF CONTENTS INDEX TO APPENDIX ............................................................................................... iv TABLE OF AUTHORITIES ...................................................................................... xvi STATEMENT OF FACTS ............................................................................................ 2 I. II. III. THE PARTIES....................................................................................... 2 DESC'S MILITARY FUEL PRICES AND ITS STATED INTENT TO PAY FAIR MARKET VALUE FOR FUEL ................... 3 DESC'S CONFLICTING INTERNAL ASSESSMENTS AND PUBLIC STATEMENTS ABOUT ITS MILITARY FUEL PRICES .................................................................................................. 4 THE NON-NEGOTIABILITY OF DESC'S MILITARY FUEL PRICES .................................................................................................. 8 THE FAILURE OF DESC'S MILITARY FUEL PRICES TO REFLECT FAIR MARKET VALUE.................................................... 9 DESC'S MINORITY PRICE PREFERENCES AND FUEL CONTRACT AUCTIONS................................................................... 15 CHEVRON'S SECOND AMENDED COMPLAINT ........................ 16 DESC'S MOTION FAILS TO SATISFY THE STANDARDS FOR JUDGMENT AS A MATTER OF LAW.................................... 17 DESC IS NOT ENTITLED TO JUDGMENT AS A MATTER OF LAW ON CHEVRON'S CLAIMS THAT DESC'S MILITARY FUEL PRICES VIOLATE FAR§ 16.203 ....................... 20 A. B. III. Only The Issue Of Per Se Illegality Was Before The Court In Tesoro ........................................................................ 20 DESC's Construction Of Tesoro Ignores Its Plain Language.................................................................................. 23

IV. V. VI. VII. I. II.

ARGUMENT............................................................................................................... 17

DESC IS NOT ENTITLED TO JUDGMENT AS A MATTER OF LAW ON CHEVRON'S CLAIMS THAT DESC'S MILITARY FUEL PRICES VIOLATE FAR § 15.802(b)(1) ............. 27 DESC IS NOT ENTITLED TO JUDGMENT AS A MATTER OF LAW ON CHEVRON'S CLAIMS OF MISREPRESENTATION.................................................................... 33 DESC IS NOT ENTITLED TO JUDGMENT AS A MATTER OF LAW ON CHEVRON'S CLAIMS OF BREACH OF CONTRACT ........................................................................................ 36

IV.

V.

i

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TABLE OF CONTENTS (continued) VI. DESC IS NOT ENTITLED TO JUDGMENT AS A MATTER OF LAW ON CHEVRON'S CLAIMS OF BREACH OF AN IMPLIED-IN-FACT CONTRACT...................................................... 40 DESC IS NOT ENTITLED TO JUDGMENT AS A MATTER OF LAW ON CHEVRON'S CLAIMS OF FAILURE OF CONSIDERATION AND FRUSTRATION OF PURPOSE .............. 41 DESC IS NOT ENTITLED TO JUDGMENT AS A MATTER OF LAW ON CHEVRON'S CLAIMS OF MISTAKE....................... 44 DESC IS NOT ENTITLED TO JUDGMENT AS A MATTER OF LAW ON CHEVRON'S CLAIMS OF A FIFTH AMENDMENT TAKING ................................................................... 46 DESC IS NOT ENTITLED TO JUDGMENT AS A MATTER OF LAW ON CHEVRON'S CLAIMS THAT DESC ILLEGALLY PROVIDED PRICE PREFERENCES TO MINORITY-OWNED SUPPLIERS.................................................... 53 DESC IS NOT ENTITLED TO JUDGMENT AS A MATTER OF LAW ON CHEVRON'S CLAIMS THAT DESC ILLEGALLY AUCTIONED THE AWARD OF MILITARY FUEL CONTRACTS........................................................................... 56 DESC IS NOT ENTITLED TO JUDGMENT AS A MATTER OF LAW ON ITS AFFIRMATIVE DEFENSE THAT CHEVRON WAIVED ALL OF ITS CLAIMS ................................... 65 A. B. As A Matter Of Fact, DESC Fails To Establish That Chevron Waived All Of Its Claims.......................................... 65 As A Matter Of Law, Chevron's Claims Of Illegality Cannot Be Waived ................................................................... 74 1. 2. 3. Chevron Is Entitled To Recover A Lawful Price For Fuel........................................................................ 74 Because The Law At Issue Protects Contractors, DESC's Violations Of Law Cannot Be Waived .......... 77 DESC May Not Use A Defense Of Waiver To Seek A Judicially-Imposed Statute Of Limitations Congress Did Not Enact ........................... 80 Federal Crop Insurance v. Merrill Does Not Support A Finding Of Waiver...................................... 82 E. Walters & Co. v. United States And Whittaker Electronic Systems v. Dalton Do Not Support A Finding Of Waiver ....................................................... 83

VII.

VIII. IX.

X.

XI.

XII.

4. 5.

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TABLE OF CONTENTS (continued) 6. AT&T v. United States Does Not Support A Finding Of Waiver ....................................................... 85

CONCLUSION............................................................................................................ 89

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INDEX TO APPENDIX Request for Deviation from FAR 16.203 (Jan. 5, 1993)........................................................App. 1 Economic Price Adjustment ­ Published Market Price (Domestic Bulk) (DFSC Nov. 1994) .........................................................................App. 9 Hearing Transcript, Barrett Refining Corp. v. United States, Nos. 96-15C, 96-724C, 96-725C, 96-726C, 97-321C (Fed. Cl.) (July 27, 1998)...........................................................................................App. 11 EPA Reference Study (Nov. 28, 1984)..................................................................................App. 60 Economic Price Adjustment ­ Published Market Price (Domestic Bulk) (DFSC Nov. 1992) .........................................................................App. 82 Defense Logistics Agency Inter-Office Memorandum from Lawrence Ervin to DFSC-G regarding Goldline Escalation (June 23, 1995)...........................................................................................................App. 85 Defense Logistics Agency Memorandum from Lawrence Ervin to DFSC-PEC (L. Manley) regarding Contract Numbers DLA600-94-D-4126 and DLA600-94-D-4172, Petrolea Oil Corp. Escalator Replacement (July 20, 1995) ....................................................App. 87 Letter from Edith P. Duhaine to Gaylon H. Simmons regarding Final Decision of November 1, 1988 Claim (Mar. 30, 1999) ...............................................................................................App. 90 Letter from John E. Griffith to F.M. Doughty regarding Calcasieu Claims (Feb. 27, 1983) ..............................................................................App. 96 Letter from Dan C. Calhoun to Director, Defense Logistics Agency, regarding Review Comments - Escalators for Bulk Fuels Solicitations (Feb. 9, 1988) .....................................................................App. 98 Defense Logistics Agency Memorandum from Christopher Lee to DFSC-D regarding Proposed Changes in the Petroleum Marketing Monthly (Mar. 23, 1989) .......................................................App. 100 Deposition of Christopher Lee, MAPCO Alaska Petroleum, Inc. v. United States, No. 550-89C (Cl. Ct.) (May 31, 1991)...........................................................................................................App. 105 Award/Contract for Exxon Company USA with U.S. Contract No. DLA600-86-D-0583 (effective date Apr. 4, 1986) ......................................................................................App. 112 iv

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INDEX TO APPENDIX (continued) Deposition of Lawrence Ervin, La Gloria Oil and Gas Co. v. United States, No. 02-465C (Fed. Cl.) (Dec. 1, 2003) ............................................................................................................App. 125 Notice of Deposition, La Gloria Oil and Gas Co. v. United States, No. 02-465C (Fed. Cl.) (Oct. 2, 2003) .............................................................................................................App. 141 Price Analysis, RFP No. DLA600-95-R-0061 Region: East/Gulf/Offshore and Rocky Mountain (Nov. 18, 1994) ..........................................................................................................App. 144 Price Analysis, RFP No. DLA600-93-R-0161 Region: Mountain (May 18, 1993) ............................................................................App. 150 Price Analysis, RFP No. DLA600-93-R-0161 Region: Gulf Coast Area (May 18, 1993)..................................................................App. 154 Price Analysis, RFP No. SPO600-96-R-0061 (Oct. 17, 1995) ...........................................................................................................App. 157 Price Analysis, RFP No. SPO600-97-R-0061 Region: East/Gulf & Offshore (Oct. 22, 1996)..........................................................App. 163 DFSC CONUS Bulk Contract Price Escalation: Petroleum Marketing Monthly vs. Published Prices..................................................App. 171 Memorandum for the Executive Director (Procurement), Defense Logistics Agency, regarding Request for OneTime Deviation from FAR 16.203-1 .........................................................................App. 195 Memorandum from DFSC CAM STA ALEX VA//DFSC-PZB/5 June 1989 to Mapco Alaska Petroleum, Inc. regarding MAPCO Offer Submitted Under RFP DLA600-89-R-0161 (June 5, 1989).............................................................................................................App. 198 Letter from Jack Turner to Ola M. Lee regarding Solicitation DLA600-83-R-0461, Contract DLA600-83-D-0586; Item Nos. 0101, 0201, 0301, 0401 (Jan. 23, 1984).................................................... App. 201 Memorandum of Meeting with Jack Turner, Mapco Petroleum (Alaska), on Jan. 26, 1984 by Ola Lee (Feb. 2, 1984) ...............................................App. 204

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INDEX TO APPENDIX (continued) Defense Logistics Agency Two-Way Memorandum from DFSCPD, M. Johnson to DFSC-N regarding Offers from Mapco, Alaska, and Mapco, Tennessee, on the CONUS Solicitation RFP DLA600-83-R-0461 (July 18, 1983) .................................................................App. 205 Pre-Negotiation Briefing Memorandum (July 15, 1986).......................................................App. 206 Pre-Negotiation Briefing Memorandum (Dec. 15, 1986)......................................................App. 214 Pre-Negotiation Briefing Memorandum (Nov. 18, 1987) .....................................................App. 219 Pre-Negotiation Briefing Memorandum (Undated)...............................................................App. 225 Pre-Negotiation Briefing Memorandum (Nov. 1, 1988) .......................................................App. 230 Pre-Negotiation Briefing Memorandum (May 8, 1989) ........................................................App. 235 Pre-Negotiation Briefing Memorandum (Undated)...............................................................App. 241 Pre-Negotiation Briefing Memorandum (May 10, 1990) ......................................................App. 246 Pre-Negotiation Briefing Memorandum (Undated)...............................................................App. 252 Pre-Negotiation Briefing Memorandum (May 17, 1991) ......................................................App. 257 Pre-Negotiation Briefing Memorandum (Undated)...............................................................App. 262 Pre-Negotiation Briefing Memorandum (May 18, 1992) ......................................................App. 267 Pre-Negotiation Briefing Memorandum (Undated)...............................................................App. 273 BEM Summary of Award Information (Sept. 30, 1992) .......................................................App. 279 BEM Summary of Award Information (Mar 16, 1992).........................................................App. 283 Information to Offerors or Quoters, Section A-Cover Sheet SPO600-96-R-0161....................................................................................................App. 286 Status Conference Hearing Transcript, Williams Alaska Petroleum v. United States, No. 02-705C (Fed. Cl.) (Nov. 18, 2003) .........................................................................................................App. 287 Hearing Transcript, Oral Argument Before the Court of Appeals For the Federal Circuit, No. 04-5064 (Jan. 10, 2005)................................................App. 309

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INDEX TO APPENDIX (continued) Brief of Plaintiffs Tesoro Hawaii Corporation, Tesoro Alaska Company and Hermes, Consolidated, Inc., No. 04-5064 (Fed. Cir. Apr. 26, 2004) ...........................................................................................App. 355 Brief of Amicus Curiae American Petroleum Institute in Support of Plaintiffs-Appellants and Affirmance on The Contract Illegality Issue, No. 04-5064 (Fed. Cir. May 5, 2004) .............................................................................................App. 429 Brief for the United States, Defendant's Appeal from the U.S. Court of Federal Claims in Case Nos. 02-CV-704. Judge Eric Bruggink, and 02-CV-1460, Judge Lawrence Block, (July 2, 2004).......................................................................App. 461 Defense Procurement and Acquisition Policy - Contract Pricing Reference Guide.........................................................................................................App. 540 Armed Services Procurement Regulation Manual (APSM No. 1), Department of Defense (1975)...................................................................................App. 545 Armed Services Pricing Manual (ASPM), Department of Defense (1986).........................................................................................................................App. 548 DCAA Contract Audit Manual, Vol. 2 of 2 (July 1, 2005) ...................................................App. 554 Deposition of John Richard Walker, Pride Companies, L.P., v. United States, No. 95-897C (Fed. Cl. Sept. 18, 1996)...............................................App. 556 Letter from John R. Walker to D.R. Neumeyer, Berry Petroleum Company regarding EPA claims (Sept. 28, 2001).....................................................App. 563 Letter from John R. Walker to Rodney L Nelson, Calcasieu Refining Company regarding EPA claims (Oct. 2, 2001) .........................................App. 565 Letter from John R. Walker to Todd P. Grubin, Chevron U.S.A., Inc. regarding EPA claims (Feb. 1, 2002).........................................................................App. 567 Letter from John R. Walker to Chris Conway, Conoco, Inc. regarding EPA claims (Aug. 9, 2002)........................................................................App. 569 Letter from John R. Walker to John B. Holmes, El Paso Merchant ­ Petroleum Company regarding EPA claims (Aug. 9, 2002).................................................................................................App. 571

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INDEX TO APPENDIX (continued) Letter from John R. Walker to Herbert V. Rusk, Exxon Mobil Fuels Marketing Company regarding EPA claims (Mar. 25, 2002) ..........................................................................................................App. 573 Letter from John R. Walker to Thomas P Bruskotter, Gary-Williams Energy Corporation regarding EPA claims (Aug. 9, 2002).................................................................................................App. 575 Letter from John R. Walker to Jeffrey M Shaffer, Koch Petroleum Group, L.P., regarding EPA claims (Oct. 2, 2001) .............................................................................................................App. 577 Letter from John R. Walker to Matt Clifton, Navajo Refining Company, regarding EPA claims (Sept. 28, 2001)....................................................App. 579 Letter from John R. Walker to Dan Robinson, Placid Holding Company, regarding EPA claims (Sept. 28, 2001)....................................................App. 581 Letter from John R. Walker to Patricia Pavlak, Sunoco, Inc., regarding EPA claims (Sept. 28, 2001) .....................................................................App. 583 Letter from John R. Walker to Andrew T. Nomura, Tesoro Hawaii Corporation, regarding EPA claims (Dec. 3, 2001) ......................................App. 585 Letter from John R. Walker to Kenneth A. Applegate, Diamond Shamrock Refining and Marketing Company, regarding EPA claims (Aug. 19, 2002)......................................................................App. 587 Letter from John R. Walker to Scott Weaver, Western Refining Company, L.P., regarding EPA claims (Sept. 27, 2002) ...........................................App. 589 Letter from John R. Walker to Keith Selby, Williams Alaska Petroleum, Inc., regarding EPA claims (Sept. 28, 2001)...........................................App. 591 Letter from John R. Walker to Wyoming Refining Company regarding EPA claims (Sept. 28, 2001)......................................................................................App. 593 Defense Logistics Agency Inter-Office Memorandum from Christopher Lee to DFSC-D/DD regarding Economic Price Adjustment in the Domestic Bulk Program (May 5, 1997).............................................................................................................App. 595 Defense Logistics Agency Inter-Office Memorandum from Christopher Lee to DFSC-C, -G, -P, -L regarding Economic Price Adjustment in the Domestic Bulk Programs (Apr. 9, 1987).............................................................................................................App. 596 -viii-

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INDEX TO APPENDIX (continued) Armed Services Pricing Manual (ASPM), Volume 2, Price Analysis, Department of Defense (1987)...................................................................................App. 603 Declaration of Joseph P. Kalt, Chevron U.S.A. Inc., Texaco Inc., and Texaco Downstream LLC v. United States, No. 03-288C (Fed. Cl.) (May 15, 2006) ....................................................................App. 607 Expert Report of Joseph P. Kalt and Peter Killen, Chevron U.S.A. Inc., Texaco Inc., and Texaco Downstream LLC v. United States, No. 03-288C (Fed. Cl.) (May 15, 2006) ....................................................................App. 608 Declaration of Timothy Taigen, Chevron U.S.A. Inc., Texaco Inc., and Texaco Downstream LLC v. United States, No. 03-288C (Fed. Cl.) (May 23, 2006) ....................................................................App. 638 Declaration of Kenneth E. Johnson, Chevron U.S.A. Inc., Texaco Inc., and Texaco Downstream LLC v. United States, No. 03-288C (Fed. Cl.) (May 29, 2006) ....................................................................App. 640 Declaration of Todd Grubin, Chevron U.S.A. Inc., Texaco Inc., and Texaco Downstream LLC v. United States, No. 03-288C (Fed. Cl.) (May 23, 2006) ..........................................................................................App. 642 Declaration of John R. Walker, Calcasieu Refining Company v. United States, No. 02-1219C (January 17, 2003) ......................................................App. 643 Award/Contract for Chevron Products Company, with United States, Contract No. SPO600-99-D-0555 (effective date September 17, 1999) ..........................................................................App. 651 Award/Contract for Chevron Products Company, with United States, Contract No. SPO600-99-D-0534 (effective date September 9, 1999) ............................................................................App. 657 Award/Contract for Chevron Products Company, with United States, Contract No. SPO600-99-D-0535 (effective date September 9, 1999) ............................................................................App. 663 Amendment to Award/Contract for Chevron Products Company, with United States, Contract No. SPO600-99-D-0535 (effective date October 13, 1999) ..............................................................................App. 666 Amendment to Award/Contract for Chevron Products Company, with United States, Contract No. SPO600-99-D-0535 (effective date July 28, 2000).....................................................................................App. 668

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INDEX TO APPENDIX (continued) Amendment to Award/Contract for Chevron Products Company, with United States, Contract No. DLA600-99-D-0535 (effective date September 14, 2000) ..........................................................................App. 670 Award/Contract for Chevron Products Company, with United States, Contract No. SPO600-98-D-0507 (effective date September 18, 1998) ..........................................................................App. 675 Award/Contract for Chevron Products Company, with United States, Contract No. SPO600-97-D-0514 (effective date September 4, 1997) ............................................................................App. 681 Award/Contract for Chevron U.S.A., Inc, with United States, Contract No. SPO600-96-D-0520 (effective date September 23, 1996) ..........................................................................App. 687 Award/Contract for Chevron U.S.A., Inc., with United States, Contract No. SPO600-95-D-0521 (effective date August 29, 1995)................................................................................App. 693 Award/Contract for Chevron U.S.A., Inc., with United States, Contract No. SPO600-95-D-0462 (effective date April 3, 1995).....................................................................................App. 699 Award/Contract for Chevron U.S.A., Inc., with United States, Contract No. DLA600-94-D-0535 (effective date September 19, 1994) ..........................................................................App. 708 Award/Contract for Chevron U.S.A., Inc., with United States, Contract No. DLA600-93-D-0570 (effective date September 9, 1993) ............................................................................App. 719 Award/Contract for Chevron U.S.A., Inc., with United States, Contract No. DLA600-93-D-0568 (effective date August 12, 1993)................................................................................App. 728 Award/Contract for Chevron U.S.A., Inc., with United States, Contract No. DLA600-93-D-0507 (effective date March 24, 1993).................................................................................App. 738 Award/Contract for Chevron U.S.A., Inc., with United States, Contract No. DLA600-92-D-0539 (effective date July 24, 1992).....................................................................................App. 741

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INDEX TO APPENDIX (continued) Award/Contract for Chevron U.S.A., Inc., with United States, Contract No. DLA600-92-D-0513 (effective date May 27, 1992)....................................................................................App. 750 Award/Contract for Chevron U.S.A., Inc., with United States, Contract No. DLA600-92-D-0460 (effective date March 2, 1992)...................................................................................App. 759 Amendment to Award/Contract for Chevron U.S.A., Inc., with United States, Contract No. DLA600-92-D-0460 (effective date October 7, 1992) ................................................................................App. 767 Award/Contract for Chevron U.S.A., Inc., with United States, Contract No. DLA600-90-D-0531 (effective date September 4, 1990) ............................................................................App. 769 Award/Contract for Chevron U.S.A., Inc., with United States, Contract No. DLA600-90-D-0531 (effective date November 8, 1990) ............................................................................App. 779 Award/Contract for Chevron U.S.A., Inc., with United States, Contract No. DLA600-89-D-0588 (effective date August 25, 1989)................................................................................App. 781 Amendment to Award/Contract for Chevron U.S.A., Inc., with United States, Contract No. DLA600-89-D-0588 (effective date September 13, 1990) ..........................................................................App. 791 Amendment to Award/Contract for Chevron U.S.A., Inc., with United States, Contract No. DLA600-89-D-0588 (effective date October 17, 1989) ..............................................................................App. 793 Award/Contract for Texaco Refining and Marketing Inc., with United States, Contract No. DLA600-89-D-0457 (effective date March 7, 1989)...................................................................................App. 795 Award/Contract for Chevron U.S.A., Inc., with United States, Contract No. DLA600-89-D-0480 (effective date March 6, 1988)...................................................................................App. 807 Amendment to Award/Contract for Chevron U.S.A., Inc., with United States, Contract No. DLA600-89-D-0480 (effective date May 1, 1989)......................................................................................App. 822

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INDEX TO APPENDIX (continued) Amendment to Award/Contract for Chevron U.S.A., Inc., with United States, Contract No. DLA600-89-D-0480 (effective date May 5, 1989)......................................................................................App. 824 Amendment to Award/Contract for Chevron U.S.A., Inc., with United States, Contract No. DLA600-89-D-0480 (effective date June 1, 1989)......................................................................................App. 825 Amendment to Award/Contract for Chevron U.S.A., Inc., with United States, Contract No. DLA600-89-D-0480 (effective date June 29, 1989)....................................................................................App. 827 Amendment to Award/Contract for Chevron U.S.A., Inc., with United States, Contract No. DLA600-89-D-0480 (effective date February 2, 1990)...............................................................................App. 829 Award/Contract for Chevron U.S.A., Inc., with United States, Contract No. DLA600-89-D-1017 (effective date March 1, 1989)...................................................................................App. 830 Award/Contract for Chevron U.S.A., Inc., with United States, Contract No. DLA600-88-D-0552 (effective date September 26, 1988) ..........................................................................App. 833 Amendment to Award/Contract for Chevron U.S.A., Inc., with United States, Contract No. DLA600-88-D-0552 (effective date December 14, 1988)...........................................................................App. 848 Amendment to Award/Contract for Chevron U.S.A., Inc., with United States, Contract No. DLA600-88-D-0552 (effective date December 22, 1988)...........................................................................App. 850 Amendment to Award/Contract for Chevron U.S.A., Inc., with United States, Contract No. DLA600-88-D-0552 (effective date December 28, 1988)...........................................................................App. 855 Amendment to Award/Contract for Chevron U.S.A., Inc., with United States, Contract No. DLA600-88-D-0552 (effective date May 5, 1988)......................................................................................App. 859 Amendment to Award/Contract for Chevron U.S.A., Inc., with United States, Contract No. DLA600-88-D-0552 (effective date July 6, 1988).......................................................................................App. 860

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INDEX TO APPENDIX (continued) Award/Contract for Texaco Refining and Marketing Inc., with United States, Contract No. DLA600-88-D-0476 (effective date March 3, 1988)...................................................................................App. 864 Award/Contract for Texaco Refining and Marketing Inc., with United States, Contract No. DLA600-87-D-0494 (effective date March 17, 1987).................................................................................App. 875 Amendment to Award/Contract for Texaco Refining and Marketing Inc., with United States, Contract No. DLA600-87-D-0494 (effective date March 27, 1987).................................................................................App. 885 Award/Contract for Chevron U.S.A., Inc., with United States, Contract No. DLA600-87-D-0469 (effective date March 13, 1987).................................................................................App. 890 Amendment to Award/Contract for Chevron U.S.A., Inc., with United States, Contract No. DLA600-87-D-0469 (effective date March 24, 1987).................................................................................App. 902 Amendment to Award/Contract for Chevron U.S.A., Inc., with United States, Contract No. DLA600-87-D-0469 (effective date June 8, 1987)......................................................................................App. 904 Amendment to Award/Contract for Chevron U.S.A., Inc., with United States, Contract No. DLA600-87-D-0469 (effective date June 24, 1987)....................................................................................App. 906 Amendment to Award/Contract for Chevron U.S.A., Inc., with United States, Contract No. DLA600-87-D-0469 (effective date October 23, 1987) ..............................................................................App. 907 Award/Contract for Chevron U.S.A., Inc., with United States, Contract No. DLA600-86-D-0500 (effective date October 21, 1985) ..............................................................................App. 909 Award/Contract for Chevron U.S.A., Inc., with United States, Contract No. DLA600-86-D-0891 (effective date September 26, 1986) ..........................................................................App. 923 Award/Contract for Chevron U.S.A., Inc., with United States, Contract No. DLA600-86-D-0630 (effective date September 22, 1986) ..........................................................................App. 934

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INDEX TO APPENDIX (continued) Award/Contract for Texaco Refining and Marketing, Inc., with United States, Contract No. DLA600-86-D-0575 (effective date April 11, 1986)...................................................................................App. 949 Amendment to Award/Contract for Texaco Refining and Marketing, Inc., with United States, Contract No. DLA600-86-D-0575 (effective date August 11, 1986)................................................................................App. 959 Award/Contract for Chevron U.S.A., Inc., with United States, Contract No. DLA600-84-D-0498 (effective date October 4, 1984) ................................................................................App. 961 Amendment to Award/Contract for Chevron U.S.A., Inc., with United States, Contract No. DLA600-84-D-0498 (effective date October 24, 1994) ..............................................................................App. 976 Amendment to Award/Contract for Chevron U.S.A., Inc., with United States, Contract No. DLA600-84-D-0498 (effective date February 15, 1985).............................................................................App. 977 Amendment to Award/Contract for Chevron U.S.A., Inc., with United States, Contract No. DLA600-84-D-0498 (effective date December 3, 1984).............................................................................App. 984 Amendment to Award/Contract for Chevron U.S.A., Inc., with United States, Contract No. DLA600-84-D-0498 (effective date May 31, 1985)....................................................................................App. 986 Amendment to Award/Contract for Chevron U.S.A., Inc., with United States, Contract No. DLA600-84-D-0498 (effective date September 17, 1985) ..........................................................................App. 988 Amendment to Award/Contract for Chevron U.S.A., Inc., with United States, Contract No. DLA600-84-D-0498 (effective date October 16, 1985) ..............................................................................App. 989 Award/Contract for Chevron U.S.A., Inc., with United States, Contract No. DLA600-84-D-0602 (effective date June 26, 1984)....................................................................................App. 990 Award/Contract for Texaco, Inc., with United States, Contract No. DLA600-83-D-0620 (effective date October 20, 1983) ..............................................................................App. 1001

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INDEX TO APPENDIX (continued) Award/Contract for Chevron U.S.A., Inc., with United States, Contract No. DLA600-82-D-0492 (effective date March 25, 1982).................................................................................App. 1011

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TABLE OF AUTHORITIES Page(s) Cases A Olympic Forwarder, Inc. v. United States, 33 Fed. Cl. 514 (1995) ............................... 65-66, 73 AT&T v. United States, 124 F.3d 1471 (1997) ........................................................................85, 87 AT&T v. United States, 177 F.3d 1368 (Fed. Cir. 1999) ............................................. 31, 40, 84-87 AT&T v. United States, 307 F.3d 1374 (Fed. Cir. 2002) ........................................31, 82-83, 86-87 AT&T v. United States, 32 Fed. Cl. 672 (1995).............................................................................85 AT&T v. United States, 48 Fed. Cl. 156 (2000).............................................................................86 Accardi v. Shaughnessy, 347 U.S. 260 (1954)...............................................................................33 Adams v. United States, 391 F.3d 1212 (Fed. Cir. 2004) ........................................................18, 65 Adarand Constructors, Inc. v. Pena, 515 U.S. 200 (1995)............................................................53 Aerojet-General Corp. v. Askew, 453 F.2d 819 (5th Cir. 1971) ....................................................41 Agredano v. United States, No. 05-608C, slip op. (Fed. Cl. March 27, 2006) ..................................................................................................................................40 Ahrenholz v. Bd. of Trustees, 219 F.3d 674 (7th Cir. 2000) ..........................................................22 Alaska Pulp Corp. v. United States, 48 Fed. Cl. 655 (2001) .........................................................69 Alde, S.A. v. United States, 28 Fed. Cl. 26 (1993) .........................................................................52 Aluminum Co. of Am. v. Essex Group, Inc., 499 F. Supp. 53 (W.D. Pa. 1980) .................................................................................................................45 American Capital Corp. v. United States, 58 Fed. Cl. 398 (2003) ................................................38 American Sav. Bank, F.A. v. United States, 62 Fed. Cl. 6 (2004) .................................................39 Anderson v. Liberty Lobby, Inc., 477 U.S. 242 (1986) ..................................................................18 Applied Devices Corp. v. United States, 591 F.2d 635 (1979) ..........................................75, 78, 84 Armstrong v. United States, 364 U.S. 40 (1960) ...........................................................................51 Ashford v. United States, 43 Fed. Cl. 1 (1997) ..............................................................................35 Barrett Ref. Corp. v. United States, 242 F.3d 1055 (Fed. Cir. 2001) .................................... passim Barrett Ref. Corp. v. United States, 42 Fed. Cl. 128 (1998)..................................................3, 9, 45 xvi

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TABLE OF AUTHORITIES (continued) Page(s) Barrett Ref. Corp. v. United States, 45 Fed. Cl. 166 (1999)............................................................8 Beta Systems, Inc. v. United States, 838 F.2d 1179 (Fed. Cir. 1988) .................................... passim Blonder-Tongue Lab., Inc. v. University of Ill. Found., 402 U.S. 313 (1971).................................................................................................................................25 Board Machine, Inc. v. United States, 49 Fed. Cl. 325 (2001)......................................................49 Boston Edison Co. v. United States, 64 Fed. Cl. 167 (2005) .........................................................48 Brown v. Legal Found. of Washington, 538 U.S. 216 (2003)........................................................47 Burness v. Bruce, 776 P.2d 32 (Or. Ct. App. 1989).......................................................................67 C & H Comm. Contractors, Inc. v. United States, 35 Fed. Cl. 246 (1996) .......................36, 38, 46 Cain v. Burns, 280 P.2d 888 (Cal. Dist. Ct. App. 1955)................................................................75 Calcasieu Ref. Co. v. United States, No. 02-1219C, Slip. Op. (Fed. Cl. July 31, 2003) ...............................................................................................66, 71 Carter v. Seaboard Fin. Co., 203 P.2d 758 (Cal. 1949) ................................................................75 Castle v. United States, 48 Fed. Cl. 187 (2000).......................................................................50, 52 Celotex Corp. v Catrett, 477 U.S. 317 (1986) ..................................................................1-2, 18-19 Centel Communications Co., 89-1 B.C.A. (CCH) ¶ 21,225 (Sept. 8, 1988) .................................76 Centex Corp. v. United States, 395 F.3d 1283 (Fed. Cir. 2005) ....................................................40 Cessna Aircraft Co. v. Dalton, 126 F.3d 1442 (Fed. Cir. 1997)..................................30, 77, 79, 83 Cherokee Nation v. United States, 174 Ct. Cl. 131 (1966)............................................................65 Chris Berg, Inc. v. United States, 426 F.2d 314 (Ct. Cl. 1970) .....................................................76 Clark v. United States, 95 U.S. 539 (1877) ...................................................................................82 Coastal Corp. v. United States, 713 F.2d 728 (Fed. Cir. 1983).....................................................55 Commodity Futures Trading Comm'n v. Schor, 478 U.S. 833 (1986)...........................................78 Conley v. Gibson, 255 U.S. 42 (1957) .......................................................................................1, 18 Consolidated Edison Co. of N.Y., Inc. v. United States, 67 Fed. Cl. 285 (2005) .................................................................................................48, 50 Cont'l Bus. Enter., Inc. v. United States, 452 F.2d 1016 (Ct. Cl. 1971) ........................................33 -xvii-

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TABLE OF AUTHORITIES (continued) Page(s) Cornetta v. United States, 851 F.2d 1372 (Fed. Cir. 1988) ...........................................................81 Costanzo Coal Mining Co. v. Weirton Steel Co., 150 F.2d 929 (4th Cir. 1945)....................................................................................................................74 D.F.K. Enter., Inc. v. United States, 45 Fed. Cl. 280 (1999).........................................................39 DGS Contract Serv., Inc. v. United States, 43 Fed. Cl. 227 (1999)...............................................63 DSI Corp. v. United States, 655 F.2d 1072 (Ct. Cl. 1981) ............................................................52 Del-Rio Drilling Programs Inc. v. United States, 146 F.3d 1358 (Fed. Cir. 1998)..................................................................................................................49 Desert Apartments, Inc. v. United States, 250 F.2d 457 (10th Cir. 1957) .....................................73 Detroit Edison Co. v. United States, 56 Fed. Cl. 299 (2003)...................................................48, 50 District of Columbia v. Thompson, 281 U.S. 25 (1930) ................................................................41 Dow Chem. Co. v. United States, 226 F.3d 1334 (Fed. Cir. 2000)................................................68 E. Walters & Co. v. United States, 576 F.2d 362 (Ct. Cl. 1978) ...................................................83 Edwards v. Aguillard, 482 U.S. 578 (1987) ..................................................................................30 Everett Plywood Corp. v. United States, 227 Ct. Cl. 415 (1981) ............................................42, 44 Far West Fed. Bank, S.B. v. Director, OTS, 930 F.2d 883 (Fed. Cir. 1991) ........................... 41-43 Far West Fed. Bank, S.B. v. OTS, 119 F.3d 1358 (9th Cir. 1997).................................................42 Fed. Crop Ins. v. Merrill, 332 U.S. 380 (1947) ..................................................................... passim Franconia Assocs. v. United States, 61 Fed. Cl. 718 (2004) .........................................................51 Freightliner Corp. v. Caldera, 225 F.3d 1361 (Fed. Cir. 2000)..............................................28, 30 G.L. Christian & Assocs. v. United States, 320 F.2d 345 (Ct. Cl. 1963).......................................75 Gardner v. Brown, 5 F.3d 1456 (Fed. Cir. 1993) ....................................................................58, 62 Gen. Eng'g & Machine Works v. O'Keefe, 991 F.2d 775 (Fed. Cir. 1993)....................................67 George Solitt Constr. Co. v. United States, 64 Fed. Cl. 229 (2005)..............................................33 Gold Line Ref., Ltd. v. United States, 43 Fed. Cl. 291 (1999) .......................................................76 Gold Line Ref., Ltd. v. United States, 54 Fed. Cl. 285 (2002) ..................................... 77, 84, 86-87 -xviii-

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TABLE OF AUTHORITIES (continued) Page(s) Gould, Inc. v. United States, 67 F.3d 925 (Fed. Cir. 1995) ..................................................... 54-55 Hamilton v. Williams, 573 N.E.2d 1276 (Ill. Ct. App. 1991) ........................................................67 Hamlet v. United States, 873 F.2d 1414 (Fed. Cir. 1989)..............................................................53 Hansen v. United States, 65 Fed. Cl. 76 (2005).............................................................................48 Hendler v. United States, 11 Cl. Ct. 91 (1986) ..............................................................................46 Hercules, Inc. v. United States, , 292 F.2d 1378 (Fed. Cir. 2002).................................................36 Hermes Consol., Inc. v. United States, 58 Fed. Cl. 3 (2003) ................................................. passim Hermes Consol., Inc. v. United States, 58 Fed. Cl. 409 (2003) ............................................. passim Heydt v. United States, 38 Fed. Cl. 286 (1997) .............................................................................48 Hughes Communications Galaxy, Inc. v. United States, 271 F.3d 1060 (Fed. Cir. 2001)..........................................................................................51 INS v. Hibi, 414 U.S. 5 (1973).................................................................................................69, 80 Integrated Logistics Support Sys. Int'l, Inc. v. United States, 42 Fed. Cl. 30 (1998) ............................................................................................. 48, 50-51 Interstate Plywood Sales Co. v. Interstate Container Corp., 331 F.2d 449 (9th Cir. 1964) .............................................................................................35 Inupiat Community of the Arctic Slope v. United States, 680 F.2d 122 (Ct. Cl. 1982) ...............................................................................................54 J&E Salvage v. United States, 37 Fed. Cl. 256 (1997)..................................................................46 John C. Grimberg Co. v. United States, 185 F.3d 1297 (Fed. Cir. 1999) .....................................33 John Deere Indus. Equip. v. Triple Cities Equip., Inc., 646 F. Supp. 114 (N.D.N.Y. 1986)....................................................................................67 John Massman Contracting Co. v. United States, 23 C. Ct. 24 (1991) .........................................35 John Reiner & Co. v. United States, 325 F.2d 438 (Ct. Cl. 1963).................................................84 Johnson v. Zerbst, 304 U.S. 458 (1938) ...................................................................... 65-66, 79, 81 Kaiser Aluminum & Chem. Sales, Inc. v. Avandole Shipyards, Inc., 677 F.2d 1045 (5th Cir. 1982) ...........................................................................................74 Kaiser Steel Corp. v. Mullins, 455 U.S. 72 (1982) ............................................................74, 76, 78 -xix-

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TABLE OF AUTHORITIES (continued) Page(s) Keystone Driller Co. v. Gen. Excavator Co., 290 U.S. 240 (1933)...............................................25 L.W. Matteson, Inc. v. United States, 61 Fed. Cl. 296 (2004) .......................................................36 LaBarge Products, Inc. v. West, 46 F.3d. 1547 (Fed. Cir. 1995) .......................................... passim La Gloria Oil & Gas Co. v. United States, 56 Fed. Cl. 211 (2003).........................................63, 65 LeBlanc v. United States, 50 F.3d 1025 (Fed. Cir. 1995) ..............................................................54 Leiter v. United States, 271 U.S. 204 (1926) .................................................................................78 Logicon, Inc. v. United States, 22 Cl. Ct. 776 (1991)....................................................................63 Lone Mtn. Prod. Co. v. Nat. Gas Pipeline Co. of Am., 710 F. Supp. 305 (D. Utah 1989).......................................................................................66 Loretto v. Teleprompter Manhattan CATV Corp., 458 U.S. 419 (1982).......................................48 Louisville & Nashville R.R. Co. v. Cent. Iron & Coal Co., 265 U.S. 59 (1924).............................................................................................................80 Lynch v. United States, 292 U.S. 571 (1934)...........................................................................47, 50 M.A. Mortenson Co. v. Brownlee, 363 F.3d 1203 (Fed. Cir. 2003)......................................... 36-37 MAPCO Alaska Petroleum, Inc. v. United States, 27 Fed. Cl. 205 (1992) ............................................................................................... passim M.G. Constr., Inc. v. United States, 67 Fed. Cl. 176 (2005)..........................................................38 Maine Yankee Atomic Power Co. v. United States, 225 F.3d 1336 (Fed. Cir. 2000)..........................................................................................50 Maislin Ind., U.S., Inc. v. Primary Steel, Inc., 497 U.S. 116 (1990) .......................................68, 80 Majernick v. Hartford Cas. Ins. Co., 688 A.2d 1330 (Conn. 1997) ..............................................67 McDonnell Douglas Corp. v. United States, 182 F.3d 1319 (Fed. Cir. 1999)..................................................................................................................33 Motorola Inc. v. West, 125 F.3d 1470 (Fed. Cir. 1997).................................................................80 Mullenberg v. United States, 857 F.2d 770 (Fed. Cir. 1988).........................................................54 Nat'l Leased Housing Ass'n v. United States, 24 Cl. Ct. 647 (1991) .............................................55 Navajo Ref. Co., L.P. v. United States, 58 Fed. Cl. 200 (2003)..................................... 8, 31, 72-73 Newell Cos. v. Kenney Mfg. Co., 864 F.2d 757 (Fed. Cir. 1988) ..................................................21 -xx-

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TABLE OF AUTHORITIES (continued) Page(s) Nortel Networks, Inc. v. Gold & Appel Transfer, S.A., 298 F. Supp. 2d 81 (D.D.C. 2004) .....................................................................................66 Northern Helex Co. v. United States, 455 F.2d 546 (Ct. Cl. 1980) ...............................................71 OPM v. Richmond, 496 U.S. 414 (1990) .......................................................................................76 Osprey Pacific Corp. v. United States, 41 Fed. Cl. 150 (1998)............................................... 48-49 Pauley Petroleum, Inc. v. United States, 219 Ct. Cl. 24 (1979) ....................................................44 Perpetual Fin. Corp. v. United States, 61 Fed. Cl. 126 (2004) .....................................................43 Phoenix Petroleum Co. v. United States, No. 97-315C Slip Op. (May 11, 1998).......................................................................................................77, 79, 84 Phoenix Petroleum Co. v. United States, No. 98-5124, 1999 U.S. App. LEXIS 16939 (Fed. Cir. July 23, 1999).............................................................................25 Pi Elecs. Corp. v. United States, 55 Fed. Cl. 279 (2003) ........................................................ 51-52 Pittsburgh Ry. Co. v. United States, 250 U.S. 577 (1919)................................................. 73-74, 82 Pleasant Country, Ltd. v. United States, 37 Fed. Cl. 321 (1997) ..................................................18 Princess Cruises, Inc. v. United States, 397 F.3d 1358 (Fed. Cir. 2005) ......................................73 Puerto Rico Dep't. of Labor & Human Res. v. United States, 49 Fed. Cl. 24 (2001) .........................................................................................................37 RCS Enters., Inc. v. United States, 53 Fed. Cl. 303 (2002) ...........................................................33 Randy v. Columbia/HCA Healthcare Corp., 2003 U.S. Dist. LEXIS 17270 (N.D. Tex. Sept. 30, 2003).................................................................................................67 Reliance Ins. Co. v. United States, 20 Cl. Ct. 715 (1990)..............................................................65 Rose v. Mitsubishi Int'l Corp., 423 F. Supp. 1162 (E.D. Pa. 1976) ...............................................67 Roseburg Lumber Co. v. Madigan, 978 F.2d 660 (Fed. Cir. 1992)...............................................35 Rothe Dev. Corp. v. United States Dep't of Defense, 262 F.3d 1306 (Fed. Cir. 2001)............................................................................................................54, 56 Rothe Dev. Corp. v. United States Dep't of Defense, 413 F.3d 1327 (Fed. Cir. 2005)..................................................................................................................53 Rothe Dev. Corp. v. United States Dep't of Defense, 324 F. Supp. 2d 840 (W.D. Tex. 2004) ...............................................................................................................53 -xxi-

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TABLE OF AUTHORITIES (continued) Page(s) Rough Diamond Co. v. United States, 351 F.2d 636 (1965) .........................................................75 Roxco, Ltd. v. United States, 60 Fed. Cl. 39 (2004).......................................................................65 S.E.R., Jobs for Progress, Inc. v. United States, 759 F.2d 1 (Fed. Cir. 1985)..................................................................................................................81 S.J. Amoroso Constr. Co. v. United States, 12 F.3d 1072 (Fed. Cir. 1993)...................................75 Saunders v. Hilpertshauser, 1988 U.S. Dist. LEXIS 3646 (S.D.N.Y. 1988) ................................42 Scan-Tech Security, L.P. v. United States, 46 Fed. Cl. 326 (2000) ....................................... passim In re Schenck Tours, Inc., 69 B.R. 906 (E.D.N.Y. 1987) ..............................................................42 Seaboard Lumber v. United States, 308 F.3d 1283 (Fed. Cir. 2002)....................................... 43-44 Shimrak v. Garcia-Mendoza, 912 P.2d 822 (Nev. 1996)...............................................................75 Short Bros. PLC v. United States, 65 Fed. Cl. 695 (2005) ............................................................32 Sola Elec. Co. v. Jefferson Co., 317 U.S. 173 (1942).................................................. 65, 71, 73-74 Southern Pacific Transp. Co. v. Commercial Metals Co., 456 U.S. 336 (1982)...........................................................................................................74 Spalding & Sons, Inc. v. United States, 28 Fed. Cl. 242 (1993)....................................................42 Sprague Steamship Co. v. United States, 172 F. Supp. 674 (Ct. Cl. 1959) .............................75, 81 State Oil Co. v. Khan, 522 U.S. 3 (1997).......................................................................................20 Stone Forest Indus., Inc. v. United States, 973 F.2d 1548 (Fed. Cir. 1992) ............................38, 41 Sun Oil Co. v. United States, 572 F.2d 786 (Ct. Cl. 1978) ............................................................51 Sunoco, Inc. v. United States, 59 Fed. Cl. 390 (2004) .......................................................38, 63, 66 Sunoco, Inc. v. United States, No. 02-466C (Fed. Cl., Dec. 15, 2005)..........................................38 Sweats Fashions, Inc. v. Pannill Knitting Co., Inc., 833 F.2d 1560 (Fed. Cir. 1987)........................................................................................................ 1, 18-19 System Fuels, Inc. v. United States, 65 Fed. Cl. 163 (2005)....................................................48, 50 T. Brown Constructors, Inc. v. Sec'y. of Transp., 132 F.3d 724 (Fed. Cir. 1997)............................................................................................................ 34-35 T.L. Roof & Assoc. Constr. Co. v. United States, 28 Fed. Cl. 572 (1993).....................................35 -xxii-

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TABLE OF AUTHORITIES (continued) Page(s) Tesoro Hawaii Corp., et al. v. United States, 58 Fed Cl. 65 (2003)...................................... passim Tesoro Hawaii Corp., et al. v. United States, No. 02-704C, 2003 U.S. Claims LEXIS 410 (Fed. Cl. Oct. 30, 2003) ....................................................23 Tesoro Hawaii Corp. v. United States, 405 F.3d 1339 (Fed. Cir. 2005) ............................... passim Thomas v. United States, 125 Ct. Cl. 76 (1953) ...................................................................... 79-80 Toxgon Corp. v. BNFL, Inc., 312 F.3d 1379 (Fed. Cir. 2002).......................................................65 Trauma Serv. Group v. United States, 104 F.3d 1321 (Fed. Cir. 1997) .................................. 54-55 Tylor Bank v. Truck Ins. Exch., 51 F.3d 736 (7th Cir. 1995).........................................................67 USA Petroleum Corp. v. United States, 821 F.2d 622 (Fed. Cir. 1987) ........................................39 United Counties Trust Co. v. Maclum, Inc., 643 F.2d 1140 (5th Cir. 1981) .................................67 United States Fid. & Guar. Co. v. Bimco Iron & Metal Corp., 464 S.W.2d 353 (Tex. 1971)..............................................................................................67 United States v. Amdahl, 786 F.2d 387 (Fed. Cir. 1986).........................................................47, 76 United States v. Cleveland Indians Baseball Co., 532 U.S. 200 (2001)........................................29 United States v. Connolly, 716 F.2d 882 (Fed. Cir. 1983).............................................................53 United States v. Mitchell, 463 U.S. 206 (1983) .............................................................................53 United States v. Pewee Coal Co., 341 U.S. 114 (1951).................................................................48 United States v. Salerno, 481 U.S. 739 (1987) ..............................................................................20 United States v. Spearin, 248 U.S. 132 (1918) ..............................................................................39 Urban Data Sys., Inc. v. United States, 699 F.2d 1147 (Fed. Cir. 1983) .............................. passim U.S. Philips Corp. v. Sears Roebuck & Co., 55 F.3d 592 (Fed. Cir. 1995)...................................23 Utah Power & Light Co. v. United States, 243 U.S. 389 (1917).............................................69, 80 Walker v. Cont. Life & Accident Co., 445 F.2d 1072 (9th Cir. 1971) ..................................... 42-43 Washington State Hop Producers, Inc. v. Goschie Farms, Inc., 773 P.2d 70 (Wash. 1989)..................................................................................................42 Whittaker Elec. Sys. v. Dalton, 124 F.3d 1443 (Fed. Cir. 1997) ............................................. 83-85

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TABLE OF AUTHORITIES (continued) Page(s) Williams Alaska Petroleum, Inc. v. United States, 57 Fed. Cl. 789 (Fed. Cl. 2003) .............................................................................................................24, 34 Yee v. City of Escondido, 503 U.S. 519 (1992)........................................................................ 46-47 Yerxa v. United States, 11 Cl. Ct. 110 (1986)................................................................................81 Yosemite Park & Curry Co. v. United States, 582 F.2d 552 (Ct. Cl. 1978) ............................ 82-83 Yuba Goldfields, Inc. v. United States, 723 F.2d 884 (Fed. Cir. 1983) .........................................52 Statutes and Regulations 28 U.S.C. § 1292(d)(2) ............................................................................................................ 22-23 28 U.S.C. § 1491............................................................................................................................53 41 U.S.C. § 253(b) .........................................................................................................................32 41 U.S.C. § 423(a)(1).........................................................................................................57, 60, 62 41 U.S.C. § 423(b)(3) ..............................................................................................................58, 63 41 U.SC. § 423(h)(1) .....................................................................................................................58 41 U.S.C. § 601..............................................................................................................................54 DAR § 1-1502(a) ...........................................................................................................................83 Department of Defense Act, 101 Stat. 1329 ..................................................................................31 DFARS § 252.219-7001(c)(2), (3)........................................................................................... 59-63 FAR § 15.306(e) ............................................................................................................................64 FAR § 15.402(a) ................................................................................................................16, 28, 32 FAR § 15.506(d) ............................................................................................................................60 FAR § 15.610(d)(3) ........................................................................................................... 57-59, 77 FAR § 15.802(a), (b)(1) ...............................................................................16-17, 19, 27-28, 31-33 FAR § 15.803(c) ............................................................................................................................28 FAR § 15.803(d) ............................................................................................................................28 FAR § 15.804-1 .............................................................................................................................28 FAR § 15.804-3(c)(2) ................................................................................................................3, 26 -xxiv-

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TABLE OF AUTHORITIES (continued) Page(s) FAR § 16.203......................................................................................................................... passim FAR § 19.502-3(c)(1) ..................................................................................................56, 59, 61, 63 FAR § 19.507(a) .......................................................................................................... 56, 60-61, 63 FAR § 33-206(a) ............................................................................................................................80 FAR § 52.219.7............................................................................................................56, 59, 61, 63 H. Rep. No. 100-911 at 21, 18 (Sept. 9, 1988) .................................................................. 57-58, 63 Pub. L. 100-679, § 27 (1988).........................................................................................................57 Pub. L. 101-28 (1989)....................................................................................................................57 Pub. L. 101-84 (1989)....................................................................................................................57 Pub. L. 104-106, § 4304 (1996).....................................................................................................57 U.S. Const. amend. V.....................................................................................................................46 Miscellaneous 2 DCAM, § 9-201(b) at 924 (July 1, 1989) ...................................................................................29 ASPM §§ 1.3, 2.5, 1-503 (Dep't of Def. 1986)..............................................................................29 All Phase Environ., Inc., B-292919.2, 2004 U.S. Comp. Gen. LEXIS 19 (Feb. 4, 2004).....................................................................................................................32 Allan Farnsworth, Farnsworth on Contracts § 8.6 at 452 (3d ed. 2004) ......................................67 Arthur L. Corbin, 6A Corbin on Contracts §§ 40.1, 1255, 1540 (1962)...........................41, 67, 75 B-230 556, 1988 WL 227932 (Comp. Gen. Sept. 6, 1988) ...........................................................63