Free Redacted Document - District Court of Delaware - Delaware

Case 1:04-cv-01371-JJF Document 228-2 Filed O3/24/2006 Page 1_0f 4
. St3.t€S Piltéllt I [19] ' [ll] Patenf·Numbér; i 4,638,417 Y- l ’ ·
Martin, Jr. ct al. V `1V· S ,_ {451 ” Datéof Patent: Jan. 20, 1987
[$4] APOWERDENSITY SPECTRUM 4,3K3,323 s/ms ‘¤m¤r .... l ..... Q..." .............. --..175/1
CONTROLLER _ r · 5 4.409.525 l0/l9ll_3 , Hickman ..-.;.-...-.--._.,. :6;/41 x
_ . _ V , j 4,5:45.199 s/was supess ., .... , ........... -........~.s6a/41 ‘·
{75] l¤v¤¤¢¤rr¤ -H¤b=r¢.C·M¤r¢¤q¤. Jr-. S¤¤dy:G¢n¢ .4.546,422 I0/l985 okauo .,...2.,,m ...... ",..,...; mm _
· V * D. Hltler; David W. Parsley, both of -' _ _ · g. ° if · '
_ Sak Lake City au of Utah _ Prmmry Exqmmer-Patrick R. Salce
V _ V ` J ’ » ’ Assiktant Examiner-Marc S. Hoff . — r
. [73] Assrg¤<=¤= Sp=rryC¤r:·¤r¤¢i¤n.B1¤¢B¤|1.Pa Anamey Age":. a»1a·m·—G.D¤;»¤1¤ w¢be¤,Jr.;c:1¤m ._ —
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i [22] Fined. Aug. 16,_198S _` [57]. 5 _ _ VA.‘ fw SYRACY V . . · . `
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[jg] Field M Search ____ ; _______ · ___ ____ ;_;_ 363/41, 9-]:5375/I ‘ with a voltage controlled Oscillator and which uses _
. _ _ _ _ sprcad spectrum techniques to provide n relatively ~ _
[56] . R°f°"?“°°s Cited » . clean output signal having little or aq ripplc,litt1c or no
· " U.S. PATENT DOCUMENTS _ _ noige and little or no signature while: havingaminimum _
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4,276,586 6/1981 Bcckhcrst ................ .... ..,.. 363/4l X . · V ‘
_ 4,24;,714 mm Dmlgueny ................... -. sca/41 x r ._ 11 Claims, 1 Drawing Figure .
l IO 1 ll » I2 13 J4 I5 h I
ccuutcn annum , 0/A vco l ‘ DC/DC "'¤u'r·
I I I _ I I couv. I .
. _A · { ¤rF= Vour 1

Case 1:04-cv-01371-JJF Deeument 228-2 Filed O3/24/2006 Page 2 ef_4
U.S. Patent, "Jan.20, 1987 . _- :4,638,4 17- ; *
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FCSO525446

Case 1 :04-cv-01371-JJ F Document 228-2 Filed O3/24/2006 Page 3 of 4
K 4,638,4I7_. I ’ -
1 ‘ 2 ‘
_ p p in the instant circuit. the DC-to-DC converter I5 is
POWER DENSITY SPECTRUM GON’I'ROl..LER provided. This convnerter produces the output signal
·‘ _ Vpy-y-w'hicl1 lst of course, the output signal produced by
BACKGROUND the powu conditioner. l `
· `- 3 i A portion ol' the output signal is also returned to the
d uf mc Iwcmmn ` comparatrgt I6 where it is cnntpared the refer-
ence signal RB?. The reference signal is applied to the
"‘?ZI?f ..t.....i’ '“""“"' °f “I.‘.».°°”"§‘i»"3¤'“ 'l‘f."‘ti.1" ·
su eouroe r _ as · or e et
ID The output ofthe comparator I6. via., the oornparison
uf i of the ortputalgnal Vgurausdtbe referutee signul IRE.?
There in my wee ttm it ee an wm ne *' "'H*"“” ‘° “’¤ ¤“‘°° ***’”' ”*°"“’*°‘°¤"·""“° "¤’*°’
supplied to the pulse width modulator controls the duty
used for providing power and/or Frequmey signals. mdD°nhcPwM.1‘mmguhmm°Dc/DC my
These circuit.-: are usually referred l;:is U 15 céqmwuhgé yum: . .
power Supp tes. frequency HINGE Ot'- ‘ ‘ ` - . .
•·¤e·*=*t·¤==2=*·=****=¤·=**=v·**··=*¤·*¤==·= °·¤P·****¤·~·' uo7:lttemv¤1‘t:t;:'e;:tl5e1?;:$i1ieli
Lxnmyhuhxugplwg tor 14:-B operative to vary tlte duty ratio of the signal
=*¤··*. ¤*··¤·=*=·*·=*<= ·:***=*· ··= =-··¤v ·¤¤=¤¤s¤·*=¤· zu "i°"r“i.*.1Z’$3T.$"i.»`}”..'.’.Z°ttll.°i:°¤i>°is t..t... rn um.
lpplymg funk mmh°° t° uw www dum °"°°“‘ oounter I0 which can beany suitable oounter ol any
Hnwzvm me mammal Elmum mum? [uu"'; V-in l prtscrlbutl length. The output ofthe eounter ill is con-
nttenuation of theaignal. additional cost of the oiroult Maud to uw bpm N- EPROM u which cm be any
"“* °”‘°' ‘”°“ *°°9‘”° “**°'°°°°’”'¤* . mtustetueu erttmge aware. nt ure pt-et·ertea_emu¤at.
*¤ · $*=··¤·r *··*¤¤·=»-=·¤¤·v ¤¤*== ···=¤=¤·*··== ¤=··=¤··= · it .......t, tt. mon tt ......,..t..t .. . ...ee...a Mtn
°°Slgl'II.!‘liIIt" Wllldl is Iilgllrl QIUHII Whitiillll lI1'I3lq\IE_IO Ind ‘Pp·nu“ for studng inf°l.m“i°m`gH¤w¤+£r. my
=*=·= r·¤·~=* =~·¤=¤=*r¤¤·* M •=·*'··==···¤·=¤¤·•=*=·¤ ¤¤·=¤z·¤==s mantle the cutest at seem tt. be ...t,......rt.t..-t-»...
°h““$“l“l'“· TH' l“*°* *dF"m°'·”° Fmbkm hl mm storage mechanism or ROM Ii Ia used to store ilpseu-
urdiuary usageateaceptfortltefaottlsatltereatesrlpple __ rmdm, .. wd: un _!_ , _ ._ 4 _
a¤duoise).However,iutl1ec:aseoi'utan;rseour¤¤tsag¤, ,0 . , . . . __ _
this signature signal cm be used to identify a p¤rt$¤1|u' - _ _ . .
.sou.r¤e. For example, iu military applications or other ' _ .
nppliutions which nseencrypted signals nr scour: up- , _ . __ , _ .
eralions,lt1`req¤e¤tlyoeourathatasource¤l'signslos . _ p, _. _ p . _
seek to remain anonymous or However. as _. ., . _ _ V ._ . .
lnmnnyiustaueea,tltesouteeeanbeirleutl5odanill¤- . . . Oamaru . ••'•
Nlfd BY ¤¤'* °r ¤PPl'¤P|l¤l° ¥P¤¤¤`“|'¤ *Mll'd¤5 t sup r · tothe modulutor Mas described above and
www i¤¢¤1·r=¢= ws =ls¤¤! ¤¤=* ·¤=¤¤v¤¤=-¤=s= ¤io¤¤¤¤= returned to emte- tu
Tor the power supply. By thus Iduttifyiug the signature. um ,, th, umpm gsm; Pnjduccd by vg) tg vu.
“‘°_ “"°°““b°ld¤‘*m°drd¤Pl‘°F”Y °°"¢*'t•$&Vll$°‘ to lea in frequency, the counter 10 ia caused to count at
—~*··¤*· =¤¤ ¤¢¤=¤··'¤¢ ¤¤¢¤¢=¤¤=··— _ uttrn-em mee wut. counter to math; it ernment
'*'*¤¤=· it l= hlshlw ¤¤·—*¤¤l= ¤¤ 1¤r¤vi¤i= • ¤¤l=¤¤=»1¤ •=l¤·=— i rates tt. zmtou 11'ls stepped or auateeea at ttttrerem
tt-emie circuit which eau be used for removing various HB nm mum; Org}.: PROM ug, .. ngléd, ¤ getsdq
¤¤ circuit without the ueeeolty for-the targeocalefdwatiou Q5 pg¤M. u tg amount; tq gn et-mtu; etgmt by in/A `
devices. converter I2. This analog signal is then applied to VCO
I3 whiotrproduces nu oscillating signal which has a
SUMMARY OF THE INVEN-HON frequency urhiclt is representative of the amplitude of
This invention relates to a circuit whi¢=h._hy prugwgu- the analog signal. The Vcc output signal is supplied to
ming the mput to s voltage controlled ostallator. umn- so the pulse width modulator 14 which vsries the choo
talns the averazc www of a large number of npcnllrts pingrate of the signal {min t.he'VCO L3 while maintain-
frequenciet of the eireult within the dynamic range of ing a constant duty ratio. ln particular. the modulator
the switching mode of the power supply. Tite program- ‘ 14 operates toiprovide a t‘u:etl`dut·y ratio over a wide ;_
mipgi -. _ ..t· .·,._' etm¢:¤deins - _ ;;_ ¤qg¤¤f¤peru|ingfreque¤dea¤ftheVOO13.
' m.‘ . -- =·~L~~ · _ 'I'heDC-to-DCeqnverter·prmridesau0n1lputvJhiclt
— - ~ . ·· · ;slun”e;ldonof§yrati¤andnot&(;•;.|u¤to?r.1*':1'tste¤h-
— ue l.l¤¤ t mums varytng c ¤per—
- . -- atzt; {gequeneg In a psodo random pattern without
— ehanglngtltenutpnt voltagemdaofortla
BME? DESCRIFHON OF THE DRAWINGS ’ HJ ln the preformed entbodirueoi, the circuit involved t
The sole FIGURE is a sehenutic block diagram of uses aehopping power supply with a DC-to-DC.eon· `
thecimmtofthehtsuutmventiom vetjter15wlricltehopaataratoofgreatertIv;i:'piIlM}(§z. .
Th.iseircuittlrenoperatesss•ger»¤·ator pceuo
random eltqiping frequency to provide a spread spec-
“’ ‘Js."‘ ‘L’°"”°" ..Q.. .$L3.".r?s'tt‘°r.3’{."%‘§‘¤ “‘t°rt.“l’°'ft°`{.m.” `
v y o .
As the output stpal VW.-varies, it is mixed with the
reference signal REF which alters the operation of the

Case 1 :04-cv—O1371-JJF Document 228-2 Filed 03/24/2006 Page 4 of 4
` _ e · i 4,638,417 _ - ’ - ~ i V ° V .
. . pulsewidth modulator. The signal supplied to the pulse- voltage controlled `osclllator (VCO) means con- (
· - A width modulator 14 by the VCO 13 is also varying on a nected to supplysignals to the input of said pulse _ `
pseudo random basis, asdescribed above. The pseudo- width modulator means, · ’ 9 _ * _ -_ '
randon operation of the circuit which supplies the una- coded means connected to supply signals ito said
log signal to the pulsewidth modulator l_4 is also de- 5 VCO means and including storage means for stor- _
scribed. Consequently, a pseudo-random frequency ` V ing a,prcscribed.signal pattern which is selectively .-
l signal with a constant amplitude is supplied to the mod- supplied to said YCO means. pg ’ · » ` `
_ ulator which then produces a randomly varying ripple control means `comprising counter means for supply- `
signal from the circuit. As a consequence, the output . ing signals to said storage means therebyto selec-
signal has been s read over a very wides n trunr 10 tively address said storage means to supply said
l . ; » . _ V signal-pattern to said,VCO means, `
° ~ » ~ V ` signal convcrtermeans coimecled to the output of V
` · i = t V V _ said pulse width modulator means and operative to , ”
— · - r · ·. _produce·:m outputsignal which is a function ofthe _
- - 15 duty ratio of the- pulse width modulator, and _
» _ · . comparator means connected to the output of said · , »
~ ~~ · . signal convener mans and operative to compare _ { "
~ . t V - said output signal with a reference signal and to
‘ . V . V “ supplya control signal to said pulse width modula· _ ‘
, l , . »z0 ‘ tor to control the duty ratio thereof. ·
~ . 2.,The circuit recited in claim 1 wherein, _ ·
~ · - ‘ · - ' said coded means comprises ROM means connected
V · . ¤ »’V. · i to said counter means such that the output signal
-_ ~ V » t _.· from said counter means compiises an address sig?.
- — ., M t . 25 nal for said ROM means. , - _
,. . ~ · . z 3. The circuit recited in claim I including, .
· V . V · V secondsignal converter means connected between l
¤ . » ~ , , said coded means and said VCO means. ` 1
V » V _ V » : r · A - 4. The circuit recited in claim} wherein, ’ ·
, . = V 0 said coded means provides `digital signals. and i ·
` · · , V said second signal converter means comprises digital- V
» ~ ' to·analog (D/A) converter in ns. V -
V ‘ , , · ·. I ` ·‘ __ _ 5. The circuit recited in claim 1 wherein,
° is crrcuityis highly advantageousi-in removal of ’ feedback meanscoxuiected?arou1id said signal produc- ;
unwanted signals at the output. Moreover, there is a` 35 ’ ing means whereby the output of saidsignal prop . ,
V decided improvement on the upper limits of the l're· ducing means is.fed·baek to the input thereof.
quencies at which circuits of this type can operate with- · 6. The circuit recited in claim 1 `including, _ ,
out the unwanted signals at theloutput. ‘ ` U referencesignal source means connected to an' input
In the preferred embodiment, specific components of said*comp¤rht<$rme:ins to provide a reference
and arrangements are shownland described. However. 40 · signal _tQ._compa.rc with said output signal.
those skilled in the art rnayconceive of different com· 7. The circuit recited in claim 2 wherein,
· ponents in the overall circuit scheme or a different said ROM means comprises an EPROM.
’ arrangement of the components as shown. However; 8. The circuit recited in claim 1 wherein,
any such rnodificationsto the circuit which fall within ‘ said signal pattern comprises apseudo-random code.
the purview of this description are intended to be in- 45 9. The circuit recited in claim 1 wherein,
eluded therein as well; Clearly, the description is not said signalcontrol circuit comprises a power ampli-
intended to be limitative of the invention but is, rather, tier. ° _
" illustrative only. The scope of the invention is not lim- 10. The circuit recited in claim I wherein,
` ited by this description but is limited only by the claims said signal converter means produces an output signal r
appended hereto. , . 50 which is a function of the input signal supplied
We claim: thereto. _
1. A signal control circuit which produces an output 11. The circuit recited in claim 10 wherein,
signal having little or no ripple, noise or signature, com- said signal converter comprises a DC-to—DC con-
prising, _ g ‘ ‘ verter.
pulse width modulator means, 55 _ l * " " ’ * 4
· 60
.. 65 - _
FCSO52 5448