Free Expert Witness Designation - District Court of Colorado - Colorado

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CURRICULUM VITAE

NAME:

Ilo Elmar Leppik

WIFE:

Margaret August 18, 1942

CITIZENSHIP: USA ADDRESS: Home: 7500 Western Avenue Golden Valley, MN 55427 763-546-3328 College of Pharmacy University of Minnesota 7-170 Weaver-Densford Hall 308 Harvard St SE Minneapolis, MN 55455

DATE OF BIRTH:

Work:

CHILDREN:

Peter, David and Karina

ACADEMIC APPOINTMENTS: University of Minnesota - Minneapolis, Minnesota - Professor, College of Pharmacy, 2004 - present - Adjunct Professor of Neurology, November 1989 - Present - Professor of Neurology, July 1987 - 1989 - Adjunct Professor of Pharmacy Practice, November 1987 - 2004 - Associate Professor of Neurology, July 1980 - July, 1987 - Clinical Associate Professor of Pharmacy, 1986 - 1987 - Assistant Professor of Neurology, July 1976 - June 1980 OFFICES HELD IN NATIONAL ORGANIZATIONS: President, American Epilepsy Society, Dec 1993 - Dec 1994 President, Central Society for Neurological Research, 1991 - 1992 Board of Directors, American Board of Clinical Neurophysiology, 1991 - 1994 Vice President, American Epilepsy Society, 1991 - 1993 Chairman, Rules Committee, American Epilepsy Society, 1980 - 1982 Treasurer, American Epilepsy Society, 1983 - 1986 Secretary, Professional Advisory Board, Epilepsy Foundation of America, 1983 - 1987 Board member, Epilepsy Foundation of America, 1982 - 1992 Executive Committee, American Epilepsy Society, 1983 - 86 Chairman-Elect, Professional Advisory Board, Epilepsy Foundation of America, 1987 - 1989 Chairman, Professional Advisory Board, Epilepsy Foundation of America, 1989 - 1991 SPECIAL APPOINTMENTS
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Panelist, NIH Consensus Conference on Electroshock Therapy, Bethesda, MD, June, 1985 American Member, WHO Seminar on Epilepsy, Beijing, China, 1984 Member, Program Project B Review Committee, 1991 - 1992 Member, Program Project A Review Committee, 1992 ­ 1994 BOARD CERTIFICATION: National Medical Board, 1968 American Board of Psychiatry and Neurology, 1977 American Board of Qualification in EEG, 1978 HONORS, AWARDS AND ELECTIONS: The Penfield Award for Excellence, Montreal Neurological Institute 1975 Elected to Central Society for Neurological Research, 1982 International League Against Epilepsy Clinical Pharmacology Award, 1986 Named in Epilepsy Section of The Best Doctors in America, 1992 Named in Who's Who in Science and Engineering, 1996 to present Named in Who's Who in the World, 1997 to present Elected Honorary Fellow, Hong Kong Epilepsy Society, 2003 EDITORSHIPS, EDITORIAL BOARDS & REVIEWS: Founding and Managing Editor, Epilepsy Research, 1986 - present International Editorial Board, Disease Management & Health Outcomes, 1997 - 2000 Editorial Advisory Board, Neurology Reviews, 1994 - present Editor, Merritt-Putnam Quarterly, 1985 - 1987 Editorial Board, Epilepsia, 1980 - 1986 Editorial Board, Therapeutic Drug Monitoring, 1987 - 1990 Editor, Profiles in Seizure Management, 2003-present Editorial Advisory Board, CNS Long-Term Care, 2004-present Reviewer of Papers and Books for: - Neurology - Annals of Neurology - Archives of Neurology - Synapse - Therapeutic Drug Monitoring - Post-Graduate Medicine - American Medical Association Drug Evaluations - Mayo Clinic Journal EDUCATION: Ames High School, Ames, Iowa (1960) B.Sc., Chemistry (1964), Haverford College - Philadelphia, Pennsylvania M.D. (1968), University of Pennsylvania - Philadelphia, Pennsylvania INTERNSHIP, RESIDENCY AND FELLOWSHIPS: University of Wisconsin - Madison, Wisconsin
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- Straight Medical Intern (June 1968 - May 1969) - Neurology Resident (June 1969 - September 1970) Montreal Neurological Institute, McGill University - Montreal, Quebec, Canada - Senior Resident, C Service (November 1972 - December 1972) - Consulting Resident, Royal Victoria Hospital (January - June 1973) - Senior Resident, Pediatric Neurology, Montreal Children's Hospital (June - December 1973) - EEG Fellow, Dr. P. Gloor, Supervisor (January - June 1974) - Medical Research Council of Canada, Research Fellow in Neuropharmacology - Dr. A. Sherwin, Supervisor (July 1974 - June 1976) TRAINING GRANTS University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA - Medical Student Research Training Program Grant - Surgery, Summer 1961 - Medical Student Research Training Program Grant - Cardiology, Summer 1962 - Medical Student Research Training Program Grant - Cardiology, Summer 1963 OFFICES HELD IN STATE ORGANIZATIONS: Alternate Delegate, House of Delegates, Minnesota Medical Society, 1983 President, Association of Neurologists of Minnesota, 1984 - 1989 Delegate, House of Delegates, Minnesota Medical Society, 1985 Vice Chairperson, Minnesota Driver's License Review Panel, 1985 - 86 ADMINISTRATIVE RESPONSIBILITIES: Principal Investigator, NIH Program Project, 1991 to present Director of Research, MINCEP Epilepsy Care, 1989 to present Director, Epilepsy Clinical Research Program, College of Pharmacy, University of Minnesota, 1996 to present Member, Clinical Faculty Appointment and Promotion Subcommittee, Department of Neurology, University of Minnesota, 1992 to present Director, Epilepsy Research Center, Department of Neurology, 1986 to 1996 Associate Director, Comprehensive Epilepsy Program, 1980 to 1986 Chairman, Special Education Committee, Department of Neurology, 1976 to 1979 Chairman, Task Force on Review of Residency Training Program, 1984 Chairman, Futures Committee on Financial Affairs, Ramsey Clinic, 1981 Member, Fringe Benefits Committee, Ramsey Clinic, 1978 to 1986 Member, Research Committee, Ramsey Foundation, 1977 to 1986 Member, Human Resources Committee, Ramsey Clinic, 1984 to 1986 Member, Search Committee for Department of Radiology, Chair person, St. Paul Ramsey Medical Center, 1977 to 1978 Member, Practice Committee, Ramsey Clinic, 1982 to 1984 Member, Oversight Committee, Ramsey Clinic, 1983 to 1985 Member, Resident Committee, Ramsey Clinic, 1981 to 1986 Member, Toxicology Committee, Ramsey Clinic, 1979 to 1986 Member, Task Force on Department of Neurology Planning and Strategy for Focus, 1987 OTHER:
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Photography Editor, University of Pennsylvania Medical School Yearbook (1968) President, Fellows Society, Montreal Neurological Institute (1974-75) NINCDS Site Visit Team - Member, NINCDS site visit team University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, October, 1980 - Member, NINCDS site visit team - UCLA, Los Angeles, November, 1980 - Member, NINCDS site visit team - Baylor University, Houston, 1982 - Member, NINCDS site visit team - UCLA, Los Angeles, March 1983 - Member, NINCDS site visit team - University of Washington, Seattle, August, 1983 - Member, NINCDS site visit team - University of Virginia, Richmond, July, 1986 and 1987 Examiner, American Board of Qualification in EEG: 1980 - New York, New York 1981 - New York, New York 1982 - Washington, D.C. 1983 - San Diego, California 1985 - Dallas, Texas 1986 - New Orleans, Louisiana 1992 - San Francisco, California Examiner, American Board of Psychiatry and Neurology, 1980. MEMBERSHIPS: American Academy of Neurology Fellow American Association for the Advancement of Science American Epilepsy Society American Medical Association Minnesota Medical Association Hennepin County Medical Society Canadian Neurological Society Central Society for Neurological Research American EEG Society Voyageurs Chapter, Neurosciences Society MILITARY SERVICE: Neurologist - Andrews Air Force Base, Washington, D.C. (October 1970 - October 1972)

SCIENTIFIC MEETINGS AND SYMPOSIA: Secretary; General Scientific Session. American Academy of Neurology, Chicago, April 28, 1979 Chairman; Diagnosis of Epilepsy. 12th Epilepsy International Symposium Copenhagen, Denmark, September 9, 1980
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Chairman; Symposium on Antiepileptic Drugs. Participants: Eppo van der Kleijn, Ph.D. (Netherlands), Alan Troupan, M.D. (USA), James Bruni (Canada). American Epilepsy Society, San Diego, Nov. 20, 1980 Chairman; Antiepileptic Drugs. 13th Epilepsy International Symposium. Kyoto, Japan. September 1981 Co-Chairman; Neuropharmacology Interest Group. American Epilepsy Society, 1982 to 1984 Co-Chairman; 1st International Workshop on Compliance in Epilepsy. Munich, September 1987 Chairman; Merritt-Putnam Symposium. 1988 - 1991 Visiting Professor; Advances in Epilepsy. University of Alabama at Birmingham, November 30, 1990 Special Contributor; Drug Evaluations Annual, Chapter 15 "Antiepileptic Drugs", pages 0303-38. American Medical Association, 1991 Visiting Professor; New Developments in the Diagnosis and Treatment of Epilepsy. University of Medicine and Dentistry of New Jersey, Newark, March 6, 1991 Course Faculty; Clinical Trial Methodologies in Antiepileptic Therapy: New Approaches and Assessments. Ninety-Second Annual Meeting of the American Society for Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics Symposium, San Antonio, March 15, 1991 Visiting Professor; Status Epilepticus. University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, March 16,1991 Visiting Professor; Psychosocial Aspects of Epilepsy: The Epilepsy Team. University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, March 16,1991 Chairman; Review of Recent Advances in the Management of Epilepsy Symposium. Chicago, June 29, 1991 Visiting Professor; Epilepsy, Pregnancy and Status Epilepticus. State University of New York, Syracuse, Sept. 24-25, 1991 Co-Chairman; Therapy and Prognosis of Status Epilepticus. 19th International Epilepsy Congress: Rio de Janeiro, October 1991 Course Faculty and Planning Committee; Geriatric Drug Therapy Symposium. Minneapolis, February 26-27, 1992 Seminar Director; Antiepileptic Drug Choices Seminar. American Academy of Neurology, Seattle, Washington, May 7, 1995

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Chairman; Epilepsy in the Elderly. 24 International Epilepsy Congress: Buenos Aires, May 2001. Chairman; Epilepsy Healthcare Issues in the Elderly. 25th International Epilepsy Congress, Lisbon, October 15, 2003. SELECTED INVITED LECTURES: University of California, San Diego; Department of Neurology Seminar "Status Epilepticus", May 11, 1998. Grand Rounds, Children's Hospital, San Diego; "Treating Acute Repetitive Seizures and Status Epilepticus in Children", May 12, 1998. University of California, Los Angeles; Department of Neurology Grand Rounds "New Drugs for Epilepsy", May 13, 1998. University of Southern California, Los Angeles County; Department of Neurology Grand Rounds "Status Epilepticus", May 13, 1998. Annual Meeting of American College of Physicians and American Society of Internal Medicine, New Orleans, Louisiana. "Epilepsy: New Developments", April 22, 1999. Annual Meeting of American Academy of Neurology, Toronto, Ontario, Canada. "Medical Treatment of Epilepsy", April 23, 1999. Annual Meeting of American Academy of Neurology, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. "Epilepsy in the Elderly", May 10, 2001. Internal Medicine Review 2002, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, "Seizure Disorders", October 10, 2002. Annual Meeting of the American Epilepsy Society, Seattle, Washington. "Management of the Elderly Patient with Seizures", December 2002. Annual Meeting of American Academy of Neurology, Honolulu, Hawaii. "Management of the Elderly Patient with Seizures", April 3, 2003. 4th Baltic Congress of Neurology, Tartu, Estonia. "Women and Epilepsy: Choosing the Appropriate Treatment", May 9, 2003. 2nd UCB Global Epilepsy Summit, Orlando, Florida. "The KEEPER Study: Safety and Tolerability", May 17, 2003. 2nd Hong Kong Neurology Society Meeting. "New Developments in Epilepsy", November 9, 2003.

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PUBLICATIONS 1. 2. 3. 4. Journal Articles Books Book Chapters Published Abstracts

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JOURNAL ARTICLES (chronological order) 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. Pierce WS, Morris L, Gardiner BN, et al. Experimental use of single mechanical ventricle to replace the dog's heart. Trans Amer Soc Artif Int Organs 1965;11:271-276. Messert B, Leppik IE, Sato S. Diplopia and involuntary eye closure in spontaneous cerebellar hemorrhage. Stroke 1976;7:305-307. Sherwin AL, Harvey CD, Leppik IE, et al. Correlation between red cell and free plasma phenytoin levels in renal disease. Neurology 1976;26:874-878. Leppik IE, Sherwin AL. Anticonvulsant activity of phenobarbital and phenytoin in combination. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 1977;200:570-576. Leppik IE, Thompson CJ, Ethier R, et al. Diatrizoate in computer cranial tomography: a quantitative study. Invest Radio 1977;12:21-26. McAuliffe JJ, Sherwin AL, Leppik IE, et al. Salivary levels of anticonvulsants: a practical approach to drug monitoring. Neurology 1977;27:409-413. Cranford RE, Leppik IE, Patrick B, Anderson CB, Kostick B. Intravenous phenytoin: clinical and pharmacokinetic aspects. Neurology 1978;28:874-880. Matthews SJ, Pepin SM, Leppik IE. Clonazepam in the treatment of epilepsy. Minnesota Medicine 1978;61:439-442. Nino HE, Leppik IE, Lai C, et al. Progressive sensory loss one year after bullet injury of spinal cord. JAMA 1978;240:1173-1174.

10. Cranford RE, Leppik IE, Patrick B, Anderson CB, Kostick B. Intravenous phenytoin in acute treatment of seizures. Neurology 1979;29:1474-1479. 11. Leppik IE, Cloyd JD, Sawchuk RJ, Pepin SM. Compliance and variability of plasma phenytoin levels in epileptic patients. Ther Drug Mon 1979;1:475-83. 12. Leppik IE, Ramani V, Sawchuk RJ, Gumnit RJ. Increased clearance of phenytoin during infectious mononucleosis. New Eng J Med 1979;300:481-482. 13. Leppik IE, Sherwin AL. Intravenous phenytoin and phenobarbital: anticonvulsant action, brain content and plasma binding in rats. Epilepsia 1979;20:201-208. 14. Sawchuk RJ, Rector TS, Fordice JJ, Leppik IE. Effect of influenza vaccination on plasma phenytoin concentrations. Ther Drug Mon 1979;1:285-288. 15. Neilan BA, Leppik IE. Phenytoin and T lymphocyte resette formation in patients. Arch Neurol 1980;37:580-581. 16. Snyder BD, Hauser WA, Loewenson RB, Leppik IE, et al. Neurological prognosis after cardiopulmonary arrest. III. Seizure activity. Neurology 1980;30:1292-1297.

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17. Snyder BD, Loewenson RB, Gumnit RJ, et al. Neurological prognosis after cardiopulmonary arrest. II. Level of consciousness. Neurology 1980;30:52-58. 18. Chou D, Polnaszek CF, Yost Y, Leppik IE, Holtzman JL. Application of spin labeling to drug assays. II. Determination of the binding of [14C] - phenytoin and spin-labeled phenytoins to albumin and human serum. Molecular Pharmacology 1981;20:674-680. 19. Cloyd JC, Miller KW, Leppik IE. Primidone kinetics: effects of concurrent drugs and duration of therapy. Clin Pharm Ther 1981;29(3):402-407. 20. Snyder BD, Gumnit RJ, Leppik IE, et al. Neurologic prognosis after cardiopulmonary arrest IV. brainstem reflexes Neurology 1981;31(9):1092-1097. 21. Sawchuk RJ, Pepin SM, Leppik IE, Gumnit RJ. Rapid and slow release of phenytoin in epileptic patients at a steady state. Assessment of relative bioavailability utilizing Michaelis-Menten Parameters. J Pharmacol Biopharm 1982;10:365-382. 22. Sawchuk RJ, Pepin SM, Leppik IE, Gumnit RJ. Rapid and slow release of Phenytoin in epileptic patients at a steady state: comparative plasma levels and toxicity. J Pharmacol Biopharm 1982;10:383-391. 23. Whistler JW, ReMine WJ, Leppik IE, et al. Machine detection of spike-wave activity in the EEG and its accuracy compared with visual interpretation. Electroencephalogr Clin Neurophysiol 1982;54:541-551. 24. Fiol ME, Leppik IE, Gates JR. Epilepsy and oral contraceptives: a therapeutic dilemma. Minnesota Medicine 1983;66:551-552. 25. Leppik IE, Derivan AT, Homan RW, Walker J, Ramsay RE, Patrick B. Double-blind study of lorazepam and diazepam in status epilepticus. JAMA. 1983;249(11):1452-1454. 26. Maxwell RE, Gates JR, Fiol ME, Johnson MJ, Yap JC, Leppik IE, Gumnit RJ. Clinical evaluation of a depth electroencephalography electrode. Neurosurgery 1983;12(5):561564. 27. Perry TR, Gumnit RJ, Gates JR, et al. Routine EEG vs. intensive monitoring in the evaluation of intractable epilepsy. Public Health Reports 1983;98:384-389. 28. Gates JR, Leppik IE, Yap J, Gumnit RJ. Corpus callosotomy: clinical and electroencephalographic effects. Epilepsia 1984;25(3):308-316. 29. Kang H, Leppik IE. Phenytoin binding in patients undergoing renal transplantation. Neurology 1984;34:83-86. 30. Leppik IE, Cloyd JC, Miller K. Development of tolerance to the side effects of primidone. Ther Drug Monit 1984;6:189-191. 31. Consensus Development Panel. Electroconvulsive Therapy. JAMA 1985:2103-2118. 32. Leppik IE, Lapora J, Loewenson R. Seasonal incidence of phenytoin allergy unrelated to plasma levels. Arch Neurol 1985;42(2):120-122.
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33. Leppik IE. Status epilepticus. Clin Therapeutics 1985;7(2):272-278. 34. Mireles R, Leppik IE. Valproate and clonazepam comedication in patients with intractable epilepsy. Epilepsia 1985;26(2):122-126. 35. Fiol ME, Leppik IE, Pretzel K. Eating epilepsy: EEG and clinical study. Epilepsia 1986;27(4):441-445. 36. Fiol ME, Mireles RC, Leppik IE, Maxwell R. Ictus emeticus: clinical and electroencephalographic findings on surface and electrocorticography. Electroencephalogr Clin Neurophysiol 1986;63:41-46. 37. Graves NM, Leppik IE, Termond E, Taylor JW. Phenytoin clearances in a compliant population: description and application. Ther Drug Monit 1986;8(4):427-433. 38. Leppik IE. Status epilepticus. Neurol Clin 1986;4(3):633-643. 39. Leppik IE. Status epilepticus. Clin Ther 1986;7(2):272-278. 40. Leppik IE, Brundage RC, Krall R, Bowman-Cloyd T, Jacobs MP, Cloyd JC. Double-blind withdrawal of phenytoin and carbamazepine in patients treated with progabide for complex partial seizures. Epilepsia 1986;27(5):563-568. 41. Leppik IE, Fisher J, Kriel R, Sawchuk RJ. Altered phenytoin clearance during febrile illness. Neurology 1986;36(10):1367-70. 42. Brundage RC, Cloyd JC, Leppik IE, Graves NM, Welty TE. Effect of progabide on serum phenytoin and carbamazepine concentrations. Clin Neuropharmacol 1987;10(60):545-54. 43. Freeman JM, Krumholz A, Leppik IE, Pedley TA. Epilepsy and Pregnancy. Am Fam Physician 1987;36(3):47-8, 51, 54. 44. Graves NM, Holmes GB, Leppik IE, Gallagher TK, Parker DR. Quantitative determination of phenytoin and phenobarbital in capillary blood by Ames Seralyzer. Epilepsia 1987;28(6):713-716. 45. Leppik IE, Dreifuss FE, Porter R, Bowman T, Santilli N, Jacobs M, Crosby, Cloyd J, Stackman J, Graves N, Sutula T, Welty T, Vickery J, Brundage R, Gates JR, Gumnit RJ, Gutierrez A. A controlled study of progabide in partial seizures: methodology and results. Neurology 1987;37(6):963-968. 46. Leppik IE. Intensive monitoring of seizures in evaluating efficacy of antiepileptic drugs. Adv Neurol 1987;46:219-225. 47. Rosenfeld WE, Leppik IE, Gates JR, Mireles RE. Valproate acid loading during intensive monitoring. Arch Neurol 1987;7(44):709-710. 48. Fiol ME, Leppik IE, Mireles RE, Maxwell R. Ictus emeticus and the insular cortex. Epilepsy Research 1988;2:127-131.

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49. Fuerst RH, Graves NM, Leppik IE, Brundage RC, Holmes GB, Remmel RP. Felbamate increases phenytoin but decreases carbamazepine concentrations. Epilepsia 1988;29(4):488-491. 50. Fuerst RH, Graves NM, Brundage R, Leppik IE. Bidirectional effect of felbamate on phenytoin and carbamazepine concentrations. Epilepsia 1988;29(4):488-491. 51. Graves NM, Holmes GB, Leppik IE. Compliant populations: variability in serum concentrations. Epilepsy Res Supp 1988;1:91-99. 52. Graves NM, Fuerst RH, Cloyd JC, Brundage RC, Welty TE, Leppik IE. Progabide induced changes in carbamazepine metabolism. Epilepsia 1988;29(6):775-780. 53. Henry TR, Leppik IE, Gumnit RJ, Jacobs MP. Progressive myoclonic epilepsy treated with zonisamide. Neurology 1988;38(6):928-931. 54. Leppik IE, Schmidt D. Consensus statement on compliance in epilepsy. In: Schmidt D, Leppik IE, eds. Compliance in Epilepsy (Epilepsy Res Suppl 1). New York: Elsevier, 1988:179-182. 55. Schmidt D, Leppik IE. Compliance in epilepsy: introduction. In: Schmidt D, Leppik IE, eds. Compliance in Epilepsy (Epilepsy Res Suppl 1). New York: Elsevier, 1988:3-4. 56. Schmidt D, Leppik IE. Summary of first international workshop on compliance in epilepsy. In: Schmidt D, Leppik IE, eds. Compliance in Epilepsy (Epilepsy Res Suppl 1). New York: Elsevier, 1988:179-182. 57. Leppik IE. Compliance during the treatment of epilepsy. Epilepsia 1988;29 (Suppl 2):S79S84. 58. Leppik IE, Rask CA. Pharmacokinetics of antiepileptic drugs during pregnancy. Seminar in Neurology 1988;8(3):240-246. 59. Graves NM, Holmes GB, Leppik IE. Bidirectional effect of felbamate on serum concentrations of phenytoin and carbamazepine. Epilepsia 1989;30(2):225-229. 60. Graves NM, Ludden TH, Holmes GB, Fuerst RH, Leppik IE. Pharmacokinetics of felbamate, a novel antiepileptic drug. Application of mixed-effect modeling to clinical trials. Pharmacotherapy 1989;9(6):372-376. 61. Graves M, Holmes GB, Fuerst RH, Leppik IE. Effect of felbamate on phenytoin and carbamazepine serum concentrations. Epilepsia 1989;30(2):225-229. 62. Kuzniecky R, Andermann F, Tampieri D, Melanson D, Oliver A, Leppik IE. Bilateral central macrogyria: epilepsy, pseudobulbar palsy and mental retardation - a recognizable neuronal migration disorder. Ann Neurol 1989;25:547-554. 63. Leppik IE, Boucher R, Wilder BJ, Murthy VS, Rask CA, Watridge C, Graves NM, Rangel RJ, Turlapaty P. Phenytoin prodrug: preclinical and clinical studies. Epilepsia 1989;30(Suppl 2):S22-S26.

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64. Leppik, IE, Oles KS, Sheehan ML, Penry JK, Parker DR, Gallagher TK, Caron GP, Rosenfeld WE, Salmon JJ. Phenytoin and phenobarbital concentrations in serum: a comparison of Ames Seralyzer with GLC, TDX and EMIT. Ther Drug Monit 1989;11:73-78. 65. Leppik IE. Introductory remarks and symposium overview. Epilepsia 1989;30 (Suppl 1):S1S2. 66. Lai CW, Leppik IE, Jenkins DC, Sood P. Epilepsy, myasthenia gravis and effect of plasmapheresis on antiepileptic drug concentrations. Arch Neurol 1990;47(1):66-68. 67. Leppik IE. Treatment of epilepsy. Curr Opin Neurol Neurosurg 1990;3:266-270. 68. Leppik IE. Status epilepticus: the role of benzodiazepines. Cleve Clinic J of Med 1990;57:S39-S44. 69. Leppik IE. How to get patients with epilepsy to take their medication: the problem of noncompliance. Postgrad Med 1990;88(1):253-256. 70. Leppik IE. Epileptic syndromes: genetic, diagnostic and therapeutic aspects. Introductory remarks and symposium overview. Epilepsia 1990;31(Suppl 3):S1-S2. 71. Leppik IE. Antiepileptic medications. Compendium 1990;14:490-496. 72. Leppik IE, Boucer BA, Wilder BJ, Murthy VS, Watridge C, Graves NM, Rangel RJ, Rask CA, Turlapaty P. Pharmacokinetics and safety of a phenytoin prodrug given IV or IM in patients. Neurology 1990;40:456-460. 73. Leppik IE. Status epilepticus: the next decade. Neurology 1990;40(5 Suppl 2):4-9. 74. Nuwer MR, Browne TR, Dodson WE, Dreifuss FE, Engel Jr. J, Leppik IE, Mattson RH, Penry J, Treimann DM, Wilder BJ. Generic substitutions for antiepileptic drugs. Neurology 1990;40(11):1647-1651. 75. Schwartzman MJ, Leppik IE. Carbamazepine-induced dyskenesia and ophthalmoplegia. Cleve Clin J Med 1990;57(4):367-372. 76. Yerby MS, Leppik IE. Epilepsy and the outcomes of pregnancy. J Epilepsy 1990;3(4):193199. 77. Elmquist WF, Riad LE, Leppik IE, Sawchuk RJ. The relationship between carbamazepine urine and plasma concentrations: implications for therapeutic drug monitoring. Pharmaceutical Research 1991;8(2):282-284. 78. Graves NM, Leppik IE. Antiepileptic medications in development. DICP Ann Pharmacother 1991;25:978-986. 79. Leppik IE, Dreifuss FE, Pledger GW, Graves NM, Santilli N, Drury I, Tsay JY, Jacobs MP, Bertram E, Cereghino JJ, Cooper G, Sahlroot JT, Sheridan P, Ashworth M, Lee SI, Sierzant TL. Felbamate for partial seizures: results of a controlled clinical trial. Neurology 1991;41:1785-1789.

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80. Leppik IE. Introduction and symposium overview. Epilepsia 1991;32 (Suppl 5):S1-S2. 81. Markowsky SJ, Kohls PR, Ehresman D, Leppik IE. Compatibility and pH variability of four injectable phenytoin sodium products. Am J Hosp Pharm 1991;18(3):510-514. 82. Wagner ML, Graves NM, Marienau K, Holmes GB, Remmel RP, Leppik IE. Discontinuation of phenytoin and carbamazepine in patients receiving felbamate. Epilepsia 1991;32(3):398406. 83. Leppik IE. Metabolism of antiepileptic medication: newborn to elderly. Epilepsia 1992;33 (Suppl 4):S32-S40. 84. Leppik IE. Felbamate: a new drug for the treatment of patients with epilepsy. Neurology Forum 1992;3(4):6-7. 85. Leppik IE. Introduction and symposium overview. Epilepsia 1992;33 (Suppl 4):S1-S2. 86. Bourgeois B, Leppik IE, Laxer K, Lesser R, Messenheimer JA, Sackellares JC. Felbamate: a double-blind controlled trial in patients with partial seizures undergoing surgical evaluation. Neurology 1993;43:693-696. 87. Felbamate Study Group in Lennox-Gastaut Syndrome (Leppik IE, University of Minnesota), Efficacy of felbamate in childhood epileptic encephalopathy (Lennox-Gastaut Syndrome), NEJM 1993;358:29-33. 88. Graves NM, Leppik IE. Advances in pharmacotherapy: recent developments in the treatment of epilepsy. J Clin Pharm Ther 1993;18(4):227-242. 89. Hom AC, Leppik IE, Rask CA. Effects of estradial and progesterone on seizure sensitivity in oophorectomized DBA/2J mice and C57/EL hybrid mice. Neurology 1993;43(1):198-204. 90. Leppik IE, Willmore LJ, Homan RW, From G, Oommen KJ, Penry JK, Sackellares JC, Smith DB, Lesser RP, Wallace JD, Trudeau JL, Lamoreaux LK, Spencer M. Efficacy and safety of zonisamide: results of a multicenter study. Epilepsy Research 1993;14:165-173. 91. Leppik IE. Evolving concepts in antiepileptic drug development: introduction. Neurology 1993;43(Suppl 3):3 92. Leppik IE. Studies of novel antiepileptic drugs in adults. Neurology 1993;43(Suppl 3):29-32. 93. US Gabapentin Study Group No. 5 (McLean MJ, Shellenberger MK, Wallace J, Ramsay RE, Leppik IE, Rowan AJ.) Gabapentin as add-on therapy in refractory partial epilepsy: a double-blind, placebo-controlled parallel-group study. Neurology 1993;43(11):2292-2298. 94. Wagner ML, Remmel RP, Graves NM, Leppik IE. Effect of felbamate on carbamazepine and its major metabolites. Clin Pharmacol Ther 1993;53(5):536-543. 95. Caplan LR, Sander JW, Bromfield EB, Leppik IE. Should single epileptic seizures be treated? Eur Neurol 1994;34(4):186-192.

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96. Cloyd JC, Lackner TE, Leppik IE. Antiepileptic drugs in the elderly: pharmacoepidemiology and pharmacokinetics. Arch Fam Med 1994;3:589-598. 97. French JA, Leppik IE. Testing antiepileptic drugs in children. J Child Neurology 1994;9 (Suppl 1):S26-32. 98. ILAE (Commission on AEDs), (Leppik IE, University of MN). Guidelines for the antiepileptic drug trials in children. Epilepsia 1994;35(1):94-100. 99. Leppik IE. Antiepileptic drugs in development: prospects for the near future. Epilepsia 1994;35 (Suppl 4):S29-S40. 100. Leppik IE. Progressive clinical trials designs for antiepileptic drugs. Epilepsia 1994;35(Suppl 7):S13-S17. 101. Leppik IE. Antiepileptic drugs in development: prospects for the near future. Epilepsia 1994;35(4):S29-S40. 102. Neugebauer R, Paik M, Hauser WA, Nadel E, Leppik IE, Susser M. Stressful life events and seizure frequency in patients with epilepsy. Epilepsia 1994;35(2):336-373. 103. Radulovic LL, Wilder BJ, Leppik IE, Brockbrader HN, Chang T, Posvar EL, Sedman AJ, Uthman BM, Erdman GR. Lack of interaction of gabapentin (Neurontin®) with carbamazepine or valproic acid. Epilepsia 1994;35(1):155-161. 104. Schachter SC, Leppik IE, Matsuo F, Messenheimer JA, Faught E, Moore EL, Risinger ME. Lamotrigine: a 6-month, placebo-controlled safety and tolerance study. J Epilepsy 1995;8:201-209. 105. U.S. Gabapentin Study Group (Leppik IE, University of Minnesota), The long-term safety and efficacy of gabapentin as add-on therapy in drug resistant partial epilepsy. Epilepsy Res, 1994;19:67-73. 106. Wagner ML, Graves NM, Leppik IE, Remmel RP, Shumaker RC, Ward DL, Perhach JL. The effects of felbamate on valproic acid disposition. Clin Pharmaco & Therapeutics 1994;56(5):494-502. 107. Devinsky O, Leppik IE, Willmore LJ, Pellock JM, Dean C, Gates J, Ramsay RE, IV Valproate Study Team. Safety of intravenous valproate. Ann Neurol 1995;38(4):670-674. 108. Gil-Nagel A, Wilcox KJ, Stewart JM, Anderson VE, Leppik IE, Rich SS. Familial cerebral cavernous angioma: clinical analysis of a family and phenotypic classification. Epilepsy Res 1995;21(1):27-36. 109. Kerrick JM, Kelley BJ, Maister BH, Graves NM, Leppik IE. Involuntary movement disorders associated with felbamate. Neurology 1995;45(1):185-7. 110. Leppik IE. Felbamate. Epilepsia 1995;36(Suppl 2):S66-S72. 111. Leppik IE. Neurology and managed care: the Minnesota perspective. Managed Care and Today's Neurologist 1995:25-27.
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112. Leppik IE, Gramm L. Tiagabine: the art of epilepsy care. Epilepsia 1995;36(Suppl 6):S1S26. 113. Leppik IE. Tiagabine: the safety landscape. Epilepsia 1995;36(Suppl 6):S10-S13. 114. So EL, Wolff D, Graves NM, Leppik IE, Cascino GD, Pixton GC, Gustavson LE. Pharmacokinetics of tiagabine as add-on therapy in patients taking enzyme-inducing antiepilepsy drugs. Epilepsia 1995;22(3):221-226. 115. Fisher JH, French J, Leppik IE. Making the most of new seizure treatments. Patient Care 1996;30(1):53-83. 116. Gil-Nagel A, Dubovksy J, Wilcox KJ, Stewart JM, Anderson VE, Leppik IE, Orr HT, Weber JL, Rich SS. Familial cerebral cavernous angioma: a gene localized to a 15-cM interval on chromosome 7q. Ann Neurology 1996;39(6):807-810. 117. Leppik IE. Current management of status epilepticus. Pharmacy and Therapeutics 1996;21(5S):6-12. 118. Leppik IE. Rational monotherapy for epilepsy. Baillière's Clinical Neurology 1996;5(4):749755. 119. Murray MI, Halpern MT, Leppik IE. Cost of refractory epilepsy in adults in the USA. Epilepsy Res 1996;23(2):139-148. 120. Lahmeyer H, Wilcox CS, Kann J, Leppik I. Subjective efficacy of zolpidem in outpatients with chronic insomnia: A double-blind comparison to placebo. Clin Drug Invest 1997;13(3):134-144. 121. Leppik IE, Roth-Schechter GB, Gray GW, Cohn MA, Owens D. A double-blind, placebo controlled comparison of zolpidem, triazolam and temazepam in elderly patients with insomnia. Drug Dev Res 1997;40(3):230-238. 122. Ramsay RE, Wilder BJ, Uthmann BM, Garnett WR, Pellock JM, Barkley GL, Leppik IE, Knapp LE. Intramuscular fosphenytoin (Cerebyx®) in patients requiring a loading dose of phenytoin. Epilepsy Res 1997;28(3):181-187. 123. Ramsay RE, Uthman B, Leppik IE, Pellock JM, Wilder BJ, Morris D, Cloyd JC. The tolerability and safety of valproate sodium injection given as an intravenous infusion. J of Epilepsy 1997;10(4):187-193. 124. Sachdeo RC, Leroy RF, Krauss GL, Drake ME, Green PM, Leppik IE, Shu VS, Ringham GL, Sommerville KW. Tiagabine therapy for complex-partial seizures. A dose-frequency study. Arch Neurology 1997;54(5):595-601. 125. Graves NM, Brundage RC, Wen Y, Cascino G, So E, Ahmann P, Rarick J, Krause S, Leppik IE. Population pharmacokinetics of carbamazepine in adult patients with epilepsy. Pharmacotherapy 1998;18(2):273-281.

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126. Lackner TE, Cloyd JC, Thomas LW, Leppik IE. Antiepileptic drug use in nursing home residents: effect of age, gender, and co-medications on patterns of use. Epilepsia 1998;39(10):1083-7. 127. Leppik IE. AED doses: from animals to humans. Adv Neurol 1998;76:89-93. 128. Leppik IE. Quality of life of people with epilepsy in the United States. Clin Therapeutics 1998;20(A):A13-A18. 129. Leppik IE. Role of new and established antiepileptic drugs. Epilepsia 1998;39(Suppl 5): 2-6. 130. Leppik IE. The role of lamotrigine in the treatment of epilepsy. Neurology 1998;51(4): 940-2. 131. Uthman B, Rowan AJ, Ahmann PA, Leppik IE, Schachter SC, Sommerville KW, Shu V. Tiagabine for complex partial seizures: a randomized, add-on, dose-response trial. Arch Neurol 1998;55(1):56-62. 132. Leppik IE, Gram L, Deaton R, Sommerville KW. Safety of tiagabine: summary of 53 trials. Epilepsy Res 1999;33(2-3):235-246. 133. Leppik IE. Treatment of epilepsy in the elderly. Epilepsy Quarterly 1999;7(1):1, 12- 14. 134. Leppik IE, Wolff D, Purves S. Treatment of epilepsy in women of childbearing potential: Issues in management. CNS Drugs 1999;11(3):191-206. 135. Leppik IE. Zonisamide. Epilepsia 1999;40(Suppl 5):S23-29. 136. Meek PD, Davis SN, Collins M, Gidal BE, Rutecki PA, Burstein AH, Fischer JH, Leppik IE, Ramsay RE. Guidelines for nonemergency use of parenteral phenytoin products: Proceedings of an expert panel consensus process. Arch Internal Med 1999;159:26392644. 137. Browne TR, Szabo GK, Leppik IE, Josephs E, Paz J, Baltes E, Jensen CM. Absence of pharmacokinetic drug interaction of levetiracetam with phenytoin in patients with epilepsy determined by new technique. J Clin Pharmacol 2000;40(6):590-5. 138. Cereghino JJ, Biton V, Abou-Khalil B, Dreifuss F, Gauer JL, Leppik IE, The United States Levetiracetam Study Group. Levetiracetam for partial seizures: Results of a double-blind, randomized clinical trial. Neurology 2000;55:236-242. 139. Garrard J, Cloyd J, Gross C, Hardie N, Thomas L, Lackner T, Graves N, Leppik I. Factors associated with antiepileptic drug use among nursing home elderly. Journal of Gerontology 2000;55A(77):M384-M392. 140. Leppik IE, Baringer JR. Selecting treatment in patients with epilepsy. Hospital Practice 2000;35(5):35-42, 45-47; discussion 51-52. 141. Leppik IE. Monotherapy and polypharmacy. Neurology 2000;55(Suppl 3):S25-S29.

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142. Devinsky O, Vazquez B, Faught E, Leppik IE, Pellock JM, Schachter S, Alderfer V, Holdich TA. A double-blind, placebo-controlled study of remacemide hydrochloride in patients with refractory epilepsy following pre-surgical assessment. Seizure 2002;11(6):371-376. 143. Leppik IE. Treatment of epilepsy in 3 specialized populations. American Journal of Managed Care 2001;7(7):S221-S226. 144. Leppik IE. Issues in the treatment of epilepsy. Epilepsia 2001:42(Suppl. 4):1-6. 145. Leppik IE. The place of levetiracetam in the treatment of epilepsy. Epilepsia 2001:42(Suppl. 4)44-45. 146. Leppik IE. Zonisamide chemistry, mechanism of action, and pharmacokinetics. Neurology Reviews 2001:9(4):4-6. 147. Leppik IE. Epilepsy in the elderly. Current Neurology and Neuroscience Reports 2001:1(4):396-402. 148. Leppik IE, French JA, Bergey GK, Gidal BE, Abu-Samrah S, Cooper DB, Franey DM, Jones RW, Tamsky L, Wright A. Managing healthcare resources appropriately. Roundtable discussion. American Journal of Managed Care 2001:7(7):S22-34. 149. Shinnar S, Berg AT, Treiman D, Hauser WA, Hesdorffer DC, Sackellares JC, Leppik I, Sillanpaa M, Sommerville KW. Status epilepticus and tiagabine therapy: review of safety data and epidemiologic comparisons. Epilepsia 2001:43(3):372-379. 150. Walczak TS, Leppik IE, D'Amelio M, Rarick J, So E, Ahmann P, Ruggles K, Cascino GD, Annegers JF, Hauser WA. Incidence of and risk factors for sudden unexpected death in epilepsy: A prospective cohort study. Neurology 2001:56:519-525. 151. Faught E, Ayala R, Montouris GG, Leppik IE. Randomized controlled trial of zonisamide for the treatment of refractory partial-onset seizures. Neurology 2001; 57(10), 1774-9. 152. Wilder BJ, Leppik IE, Hietpas TJ, Cloyd JC, Randinitis EJ, Cook J. Effect of food on absorption of Dilantin Kapseals, and Mylan Extended phenytoin sodium capsules. Neurology 2001:57(4):582-9. 153. Leppik IE. Three new drugs for epilepsy: levetiracetam, oxcarbazepine, and zonisamide. J Child Neurol 2002;17:S53-57. 154. White RJ, Matchinsky D, Beniak TE, Arndt RC, Walczak T, Leppik IE, Rarick J, Roman DD, Gumnit RJ. Predictors of postoperative memory function after left anterior temporal lobectomy. Epilepsy & Behavior 2002:3:83-89. 155. Tran TA, Leppik IE, Blesi K, Sathanandan ST, Remmel R. Lamotrigine clearance during pregnancy. Neurology 2002 59(2):251-5. 156. Leppik IE, Birnbaum A. Epilepsy in the elderly. Seminars in Neurology: Epilepsy; 2002: 22(3): 309-319.

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157. Birnbaum AK, Kriel RL, Norberg SK, Wical B, Le DN, Leppik R, Cloyd JC. Rapid infusion of sodium valproate in acutely ill patients. Pediatric Neurology 2003:28(4):300-303. 158. Leppik I, Morrell M, Godfroid P, Arrigo C. Seizure free days observed in randomized placebo-controlled add-on trials with levetiracetam in partial epilepsy. Epilepsia 2003:44(10):1350-1352. 159. Leppik IE, Biton V, Sander JWA, Wieser HG. Levetiracetam and partial seizure subtypes: pooled data from three randomized, placebo-controlled trials. Epilepsia 2003 44(12):15851587. 160. Morell MJ, Leppik I, French J, Ferrendelli J, Han J, Magnus L. The KEEPER trial: levetiracetam adjunctive treatment of partial-onset seizures in an open-label communitybased study. Epilepsy Research 2003:54:153-161. 161. Garrard J, Harms S, Hardie N, Eberly LE, Nitz N, Bland P, Gross CR, Leppik IE. Antiepileptic drug use in nursing home admissions. Annals of Neurology 2003:54:75-85. 162. Birnbaum A, Hardie NA, Leppik IE, Conway JM, Bowers SE, Lackner T, Graves NM. Variability of total phenytoin serum concentrations within elderly nursing home residents. Neurology 2003;60:555-559. 163. Leppik IE. The expanding role of genetics in epilepsy. American Journal of END Technology 2003:43:70-73. 164. Leppik IE. Classification of the myoclonic epilepsies. Epilepsia 2003:44(Suppl 11):2-6. 165. White JR, Walczak TS, Leppik IE, Rarick J, Tran T, Beniak TE, Matchinsky DJ, Gumnit RJ. Discontinuation of levetiracetam because of behavioral side effects: A case-control study. Neurology 2003:61:1218-1221. 166. Leppik IE, Gapany S, Walczak T. Drug-drug interactions: antiepileptic drugs and concomitant drugs and illness. An HIV-positive patient with epilepsy. Epilepsy Behav 2003:4(Suppl 1):S17-S19. 167. Cramer JA, Leppik IE, DeRue K, Edrich P, Kramer G. Tolerability of levetiracetam in elderly patients with CNS disorders. Epilepsy Research 2003:56:135-145. 168. Birnbaum AK, Hardie NA, Conway JM, Bowers SE, Lackner TE, Graves NM, Leppik IE. Phenytoin use in elderly nursing home residents. Am J Geriatric Pharmacotherapy 2003:1(2):90-95. 169. Burkhart RT, Leppik IE, Blesi K, Scott S, Gapany SR, Cloyd JC. Lower phenytoin (PHT) serum levels in persons switched from brand to generic phenytoin. Neurology 2004: 63(8):1494-1496. 170. Leppik IE, Bergey GK, Ramsay RE, Rowan AJ, Gidal BE, Birnbaum AK, Elliott MB. Advances in antiepileptic drug treatments: opportunity for better quality of life in the elderly patient with epilepsy. Geriatrics 2004: 59(12):14-24.

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171. Arroyo S, French J, Glauser T, Kanner A, Leppik I, et al. Does tolerance to antiepileptic drugs develop? A review of experimental and clinical evidence. 2005, in progress 172. Leppik IE. Epilepsy in the Elderly. In Managing Epilepsy in Special Populations, Reviews in Neurological Diseases 2004:1(Suppl 1):S44-S55. 173. Leppik IE. Zonisamide: chemistry, mechanism of action, and pharmacokinetics. Seizure 2004:13S:S5-S9. 174. Birnbaum AK, Hardie NA, Conway JM, Bowers SE, Lackner TE, Graves NM, Leppik IE. Valproic acid doses, concentrations, and clearances in elderly nursing home residents. Epilepsy Research 2004:62:157-162. 175. Harms SL, Eberly LE, Garrard JM, Hardie NA, Bland PC, Leppik IE. Prevalence of appropriate and problematic antiepileptic combination therapy in older people in the nursing home. J Am Geriatr Soc 2005:53(6):1023-1028. 176..Dong X, Leppik IE, White J, Rarick J. Hyponatremia from oxcarbazepine and carbamazepine (accepted 9/12/05). 177. Leppik IE. Choosing an antiepileptic. Selecting drugs for older patients with epilepsy. Geriatrics 2005:60, 42-47. 178. 179. 180. 181. 182. 183. 184. Leppik I.E., Kelly K.M., Detoledo-Morrell L., Patrylo P.R., Delorenzo R.J., Mathern G.W., White H.S. Basic research in epilepsy and aging. Epilepsy Res 2006:68 Suppl 1, 21-37. Leppik I. Antiepileptic drug trials in the elderly. Epilepsy Res 2006:68, 45-48. Leppik I.E. Introduction to the International Geriatric Epilepsy Symposium (IGES). Epilepsy Res 2006:68 Suppl 1, 1-4. Leppik. I.E. Practical prescribing and long-term efficacy and safety of zonisamide. Epilepsy Res.2006 Leppik I.E., Brodie M.J., Saetre E.R., Rowan A.J., Ramsay R.E., Jacobs M.P., 2006a. Outcomes research: Clinical trials in the elderly. Epilepsy Res 2006:68 Suppl 1, 71-76. Leppik IE, Wolff DL. The Place of Felbamate in the Treatment of Epilepsy. CNS Dugs 1995:4, 294-301 Leppik I, DeRue K, Edrich P, Perucca E. Measurement of Seizure Freedom in Adjunctive Therapy Studies in Refractory Partial Epilepsy: the Levetiracetam Experience. Epileptic Disorders 2006; 8:118-30.

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1. Schmidt D, Leppik IE, Compliance in Epilepsy, Epilepsy Research (Suppl 1), New York: Elsevier, 1988. 2. Anderson VE, Hauser WA, Leppik IE, Noebels JL, Rich SS, Genetic Strategies in Epilepsy Research, Epilepsy Research (Suppl 4), New York: Elsevier, 1991. 3. French JA, Dichter MA, Leppik IE, New Antiepileptic Drug Development: Preclinical and Clinical Aspects, Epilepsy Research (Suppl 10), New York: Elsevier, 1993. 4. Leppik IE. Contemporary Diagnosis and Management of the Patient with Epilepsy, Newtown, PA: Handbooks in Healthcare, 1993. 5. Leppik IE. Contemporary Diagnosis and Management of the Patient with Epilepsy (2nd Ed.), Newtown, PA: Handbooks in Healthcare, 1994. 6. Leppik IE, Homan WR. Rational Polypharmacy, Epilepsy Research, Elsevier, 1996. 7. Leppik IE. Contemporary Diagnosis and Management of the Patient with Epilepsy (3rd Ed.), Newtown, PA: Handbooks in Healthcare, 1996. 8. Leppik IE (Ed). Contemporary Epilepsy Evaluation and Therapy, Part I: Evaluation, Journal of Epilepsy, New York: Elsevier, 1996. 9. Leppik IE (Ed). Contemporary Epilepsy Evaluation and Therapy, Part II: Therapy, Journal of Epilepsy, New York: Elsevier, 1996. 10. French JA, Leppik IE, Dichter MA (eds). Antiepileptic Drug Development: Advances in Neurology (Vol. 76), New York: Lippincott-Raven, 1998. 11. Leppik IE. Contemporary Diagnosis and Management of the Patient with Epilepsy (4th Ed.), Newtown, PA: Handbooks in Healthcare, 1998. 12. Leppik IE. Contemporary Diagnosis and Management of the Patient with Epilepsy (5th Ed.), Newtown, PA: Handbooks in Healthcare, 2000. (250,000 copies in print) BOOK CHAPTERS 1. Sherwin AL, Harvey CD, Leppik IE. Quantification of antiepileptic drugs in human brain. In: Peterson IS, Kellaway P, eds. Quantitative Analytic Studies in Epilepsy, New York: Raven Press, 1976:171-181. 2. Sherwin AL, Harvey CD, Leppik IE. Antiepileptic drugs in human cerebral cortex: clinical relevance of cortex:plasma ratios. In: Penry JK, ed. Epilepsy: The Eighth International Symposium, New York: Raven Press, 1977:103-108. 3. Cloyd JC, Leppik IE. Valproic acid. In: Syva, ed. Guidelines for Serum Level of Monitoring, 1980.

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4. Leppik IE, Shope J, Sawchuk RJ, Hauser WA, Van Dyne B. Variability of antiepileptic drug levels during chronic therapy. In: Dam M, Gram L, Perry JK, eds. Advances in Epileptology: XII Epilepsy International Symposium, New York: Raven Press, 1981:577-579. 5. Pepin S, Leppik IE. Maintenance of Stable AED Concentrations: a pharmacokinetic approach. In: Dam M, Gram L, Penry JK, eds. Advances in Epileptology: XII Epilepsy International Symposium, New York: Raven Press, 1981:573-576. 6. Leppik IE. Secondary epileptogenesis and evaluation of the prophylactic role of antiepileptic drugs. In: Mayersdorf A, Schmidt RO, eds. Secondary Epileptogenesis, 2nd ed. New York: Raven Press, 1982:163-172. 7. Leppik IE, Cloyd JC. Primidone: toxicity. In: Penry JK, Woodbury DM, Penry JK, Pippinger CE, eds. Antiepileptic Drugs, 2nd ed. New York: Raven Press, 1982:441-447. 8. Shope JT, Ferguson KJ, Hauser WA, Leppik IE, et al. Correlation of methodologies for measurement of adherence to anticonvulsant drug regimens. In: Akimoto H, Kazamatsuri H, Seino M, eds. Advances in Epileptology: XIII Epilepsy International Symposium, New York: Raven Press, 1982:315-318. 9. Gumnit RJ, Leppik IE. The Epilepsies. In: Rosenberg R, ed. Clinical Neurosciences, New York: Churchill Livingston, 1983:409-440. 10. Leppik IE, Patrick BK, Cranford RE. Treatment of acute seizures and status epilepticus with intravenous phenytoin. In: Delgado-Escueta AV, Wasterlain C, Treiman DM, Porter RJ, eds. Status Epilepticus, New York: Raven Press, 1983:447-452. 11. Leppik IE. Drug treatment of epilepsy. In: Bayless TM, Brain MD, Cherniak RM, Decker BC, Mosby CV, eds. Current Therapy in Internal Medicine, Philadelphia: BC Decker, 1984:1282-1287. 12. Leppik IE, Pepin SM, Jacobi J, Miller K. Effect of carbamazepine on the Michaelis-Menten parameters of phenytoin. In: Levy RH, et al, eds. Metabolism of Antiepileptic Drugs, New York: Raven Press, 1984:217-222. 13. Cloyd JC, Brundage RC, Leppik IE, Graves NM, Welty TE. Effects of progabide on serum phenytoin and carbamazepine concentration: a preliminary report. In: Bartholini G, et al, eds. Proceedings of the International Symposium on Epilepsy and GABA Receptor Agonists: Basic and Therapeutic Research, New York: Raven Press, 1985:271-277. 14. Gates JR, Maxwell R, Leppik IE, Fiol M, Gumnit RJ. Electroencephalographic and clinical effects of total corpus callosotomy. In: Reeves A, ed. Epilepsy and the Corpus Callosum, New York: Plenum Press, 1985:315-327. 15. Leppik IE. Drug treatment of epilepsy. In: Johnson TR, ed. Current Therapy in Neurological Disease, Philadelphia: B.C. Decker, 1985:41-46. 16. Leppik IE. Status epilepticus. In: Porter RJ, Theodore WH, eds. Neurologic Clinics, Vol 4, No 3, Philadelphia: WB Saunders, 1986.

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17. Leppik IE. Intensive monitoring of seizures to evaluate the efficacy of antiepileptic drugs. In: Gumnit RJ, ed. Advances in Neurology: Intensive Neurodiagnostic Monitoring, Vol 46, New York: Raven Press, 1987:219-255. 18. Graves NM, Holmes GB, Leppik IE. Compliant populations: variability in serum concentrations. In: Schmidt D, Leppik IE, eds. Compliance in Epilepsy. New York: Elsevier, 1988:91-101. 19. Leppik IE. Drug treatment of epilepsy. In: Hauser WA, ed. Current Trends in Epilepsy: A Self Study Course for Physicians. Landover, Maryland: Epilepsy Foundation of America, Inc., 1988:12-20. 20. Leppik IE. Management of seizures during pregnancy. In: Pedley TA, Meldrum BS, eds. Recent Advances in Epilepsy, Vol 4, New York: Churchill Livingstone, 1988:109-121. 21. Leppik IE. Variability of phenytoin, carbamazepine and valproate concentrations in a clinic population. In: Schmidt D, Leppik IE, eds. Compliance in Epilepsy, New York: Elsevier, 1988:85-90. 22. Anderson VE, Wilcox KJ, Rich SS, Leppik IE, Hauser WA. Twin studies in epilepsy. In: Beck-Mannagetta G, Anderson VE, Doose H, Janz D, eds. Genetics of the Epilepsies, Berlin: Springer-Verlag, 1989:145-155. 23. Cloyd JC, Leppik IE. Primidone: absorption, distribution, excretion. In: Levy R, Mattson RH, Meldrum B, Penry JK, Dreifuss FE, eds. Antiepileptic Drugs, 3rd ed., New York: Raven Press, 1989:391-400. 24. Leppik IE, Graves NM. Potential antiepileptic drugs: felbamate. In: Levy R, Mattson RH, Meldrum B, Penry JK, Dreifuss FE, eds. Antiepileptic Drugs, 3rd ed., New York: Raven Press, 1989:983-994. 25. Leppik IE, Cloyd JC. Primidone toxicity. In: Levy R, Dreifuss FE, Mattson RH, Meldrum B, Penry JK, eds. Antiepileptic Drugs, 3rd ed., New York: Raven Press, 1989:439-445. 26. Leppik IE. Interactions between novel and standard antiepileptic drugs in clinical trials: progabide, felbamate and MK-801. In: Pitlick WH, ed. Interactions During Drug Development, New York: Demos Publications, 1989:115-128. 27. Leppik IE. Carbamazepine. In: Dam M, Gram L, eds. Comprehensive Epileptology, New York: Raven Press, 1990:525-535. 28. Leppik IE, Jacobs MP, Loewenson RB, Hauser WA, Micks M, Taylor MR. Alcohol and status epilepticus. In: Porter RJ, Mattson RH, Cramer JA, eds. Alcohol and Seizures-Basic Mechanisms and Clinical Concepts, Philadelphia: F.A. Davis Company, 1990:216-221. 29. Leppik IE, Gumnit RJ. Medications: the first choice in epilepsy therapy. In: Gumnit RJ, ed. Living Well With Epilepsy, New York: Demos Publications, 1990:31-39. 30. Leppik IE, Heck DG. Sexuality and the person with epilepsy. In: Gumnit RJ, ed. Living Well With Epilepsy, New York: Demos Publications 1990:105-108.

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31. Leppik IE, Gumnit RJ. Research: hope for today and the future. In: Gumnit RJ, ed. Living Well With Epilepsy, New York: Demos Publications, 1990:153-160. 32. Yerby MS, Leppik IE. Planning for a successful pregnancy. In: Gumnit RJ, ed. Living Well With Epilepsy, New York: Demos Publications, 1990:109-117. 33. Gumnit RJ, Leppik IE. The epilepsies. In: Rosenberg RN, ed. Comprehensive Neurology, New York: Raven Press, 1991:311-336. 34. Leppik IE. Variability of antiepileptic medication concentrations and compliance. In: Cramer JA, Spilker B, eds. Patient Compliance in Medical Practice and Clinical Trials, New York: Raven Press, 1991:349-358. 35. Leppik IE. Antiepileptic drug toxicity: an overview. In: Faingold CL, Fromm GH, eds. Drugs for the Control of Epilepsy: Actions on Neuronal Networks Involved in Seizure Disorders, Boca Raton: CRC Press, 1991:401-412. 36. Leppik IE. Determination of medical intractability in potential corpus callosotomy candidates. In: Luders H, ed. Epilepsy Surgery, New York: Raven Press, 1991:91-94. 37. Leppik IE. Antiepileptic drug interactions: an overview. In: Faingold CL, Fromm GH, eds. Drugs for Control of Epilepsy: Actions on Neuronal Networks Involved in Seizure Disorders, Boca Raton: CRC Press, 1991:389-399. 38. Leppik IE. Antiepileptic drug toxicity: an overview. In: Faingold CL, Fromm GH, eds. Drugs for Control of Epilepsy: Actions on Neuronal Networks Involved in Seizure Disorders, Boca Raton: CRC Press, 1991:401-412. 39. Leppik IE. Antiepileptic medications in the neurosurgical patient. In: Apuzzo MJL, ed. Neurosurgical Aspects of Epilepsy, Park Ridge: American Association of Neurological Surgeons, 1991:43-55. 40. Leppik IE. Intractable epilepsy in adults. In: Theodore WH, ed. Surgical Treatment of Epilepsy (Epilepsy Research, Suppl 5), Amsterdam: Elsevier Science Publishers, 1992:711. 41. Leppik IE. Phenytoin. In: Resor SR, Kutt H, eds. The Medical Treatment of Epilepsy: Neurological Disease and Therapy, New York: Marcel Dekker, 1992:279-292. 42. Leppik IE. Status epilepticus and serial seizures. In: Hall JB, Schmidt GA, Wood LDH, eds. Principles of Critical Care, New York: McGraw-Hill, 1992:1777-1782. 43. Leppik IE, Kupferberg JH, Felbamate. In: Resor SR, Kutt H, eds. The Medical Treatment of Epilepsy: Neurological Disease and Therapy, New York: Marcel Dekker, 1992:279-292. 44. Leppik IE, Wolff DL. The place of felbamate in the treatment of epilepsy. In: Palmer KJ, ed. CNS Drugs, New Zealand:Adis International, Ltd., 1992:294-301. 45. Leppik IE, Wolff DL. Antiepileptic medication interactions. In: Devinsky O, ed. Neurologic Clinics, Epilepsy I: Diagnosis and Treatment, Philadelphia: W.B. Saunders Co., 1993:905921.
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46. Leppik IE. Compliance in the treatment of epilepsy. In: Wyllie E, ed. The Treatment of Epilepsy: Principles and Practice, Philadelphia: Lea & Febiger, 1993:810-816. 47. Leppik EI, Graves N, Devinsky O. New antiepileptic medications. In: Devinsky O, ed. Neurologic Clinics, Epilepsy I: Diagnosis and Treatment, Philadelphia: Lea & Febiger, 1993:923-950. 48. Leppik IE. Sources of variability in clinical trials of new drugs for epilepsy. In: French JA, Dichter MA, Leppik IE, eds. New Antiepileptic Drug Development: Preclinical and Clinical Aspects (Epilepsy Research, Suppl 10), New York: Elsevier Science Publications, 1993:157-165. 49. Leppik IE. Status epilepticus. In: Wyllie E, ed. The Treatment of Epilepsy: Principles and Practice, Philadelphia: Lea & Febiger, 1993:678-685. 50. Leppik IE. Lamotrigine. In: Trimble M, ed. New Anticonvulsants: Advances in the Treatment of Epilepsy, West Sussex: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., 1994:91-102. 51. Leppik IE. Felbamate. In: The Treatment of Epilepsy, Oxford: Blackwell Scientific Publications, Ltd., 1994. 52. Cloyd JC, Leppik IE. Primidone: absorption, distribution and excretion. In: Levy R, Mattson RH, Meldrum BS, eds. Antiepileptic Drugs, 4th ed. New York: Raven Press , 1995:459-465. 53. Leppik IE, Gil-Nagel A. New anticonvulsant drugs. In: Pedley T, Meldrum BS, eds. Recent Advances in Epilepsy, Vol 6, New York: Churchill Livingstone, 1995:119-139. 54. Leppik IE, Cloyd JC. Primidone toxicity. In: Levy RH, Mattson RH, Meldrum BS, et al, eds. Antiepileptic Drugs, 4th ed., New York: Raven Press, 1995:487-490. 55. Cloyd J, Leppik IE. Systematic approach to medical treatment of epilepsy. In: Leppik IE, ed. Contemporary Epilepsy Evaluation and Therapy, Part II: Therapy, Journal of Epilepsy, Elsevier: New York, 1996:11-18. 56. Gumnit RJ, Risinger M, Leppik IE, Maister B, Gil-Nagel A. The epilepsies and convulsive disorders. In: Joynt RJ, Griggs RC, eds. Clinical Neurology, Philadelphia: Lippincott-Raven 1996:1-95 (Chapter 31). 57. Leppik IE. Compliance in the treatment of epilepsy. In: Wyllie E, ed. The Treatment of Epilepsy: Principles and Practice, 2nd ed. Baltimore, 1996:779-784. 58. Leppik IE. Felbamate. In Shorvon S, Dreifuss F, Fish D, Thomas D, Reynolds E, eds. The Treatment of Epilepsy, Cambridge, MA: Blackwell Science Publications, Ltd., 1996:421428. 59. Leppik IE. New antiepileptic drugs. In: Kimura J, Shibasaki H, eds. Recent Advances in Clinical Neurophysiology, Amsterdam: Elsevier, 1996:816-822. 60. Leppik IE. Rational monotherapy for epilepsy. In: Brodie MJ, Treiman DM, eds. Baillière's Clinical Neurology, Vol. 5/No. 4. 1996:749-755.
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61. Leppik IE, Graves NM. New antiepileptic medications. In: Chokroverty S, ed. Management of Epilepsy, Boston: Butterworth-Heinemann, 1996. 62. Dulac O, Leppik IE. Initiating and discontinuing treatment. In: Engel J, Pedley TA, eds. Epilepsy: A Comprehensive Textbook, Philadelphia: Lippincott-Raven 1997:1237-1246. 63. Leppik IE. Laboratory tests. In: Engel J, Pedley TA, eds. Epilepsy: A Comprehensive Textbook, Philadelphia: Lippincott-Raven ,1997:811-817. 64. Leppik IE, Wolff D. Drug Interactions in the elderly with epilepsy. In: Rowan AJ, Ramsay RE, eds. Seizures and Epilepsy in the Elderly, Boston: Butterworth-Heinemann, 1997:291302. 65. Leppik IE. AED doses: from animals to humans. In: French JA, Leppik IE, Dichter MA, eds. Antiepileptic Drug Development: Advances in Neurology (Vol. 76), Philadelphia: LippincottRaven, 1998:89-93. 66. Leppik IE. Status epilepticus and serial seizures. In: Hall JB, Schmidt GA, Wood LDH, eds. Principles of Critical Care, 2nd ed.; New York: McGraw-Hill, 1998:989-994. 67. Leppik IE. The role of phenytoin in status epilepticus. In: Treiman DM, Wasterlain CG, eds. Status Epilepticus, 1998. 68. Leppik IE, Wolff D, Purves S. Treatment of epilepsy in women of childbearing potential: Issues in management. In: Mallarkey G, Palmer KJ, eds. Issues in Epilepsy; Hong Kong: Adis International Ltd., 1999:43-58. 69. Leppik IE. Zonisamide. In: Eadie MJ, Vajda FJE, eds. Handbook of Experimental Pharmacology ; v. 138: Antiepileptic Drugs Pharmacology and Therapeutics; Heidelberg:Springer-Verlag, 1999:485-498. 70. Leppik IE. Epilepsy in the elderly. In: Wyllie E, ed. The Treatment of Epilepsy: Principles and Practice, 3rd Ed., 2001. 71. Leppik IE. Status epilepticus: prevention and treatment. In: Lüders HO, ed. Textbook of Epileptology, 2001:327-362. 72. Leppik IE. Intractable epilepsy in adults. In: Burnham WM, Carlen PL, Hwang PA, eds. Intractable Seizures: Diagnosis, Treatment and Prevention (Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology, Vol. 497). New York: Kluwer Academic Publishers, 2002:1-7. 73. Leppik IE. Felbamate. In: Shorvon S, Perucca E, Fish D, Dodson E, eds. The Treatment of Epilepsy, 2nd Edition. Oxford: Blackwell Publishing, 2004:403-409. 74. Leppik IE, Birnbaum AK. Epilepsy in the elderly. In. Wyllie E. Gupta A, Lachhwani DK, eds. The Treatment of Epilepsy: Principles and Practice, 4th Edition, William & Wilkins, Chapter 40: 2005:593-603.

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PUBLISHED ABSTRACTS 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. Harvey CD, Leppik IE, Neims A, et al. Conazepam (Rivotril) in Human Plasma and Brain. International Congress of Child Neurology Toronto, October 9, 1975. Leppik IE, Andermann, E, Andermann F, et al. Familial collagen vascular disease with neurological involvement. Canad J Neurol Sci 1975;2(3):329. Leppik IE, Andermann E, Andermann F, et al. A syndrome of collagen vascular disease spasticity and mental retardation in an inbred kindred. Clin Res 1975;23:624a. Leppik IE, Sherwin AL. Anticonvulsant activity of phenytoin in combination with phenobarbital. Clin Res 1975;23:A642. Leppik IE, Sherwin AL. Optimal combination therapy with dilantin and phenobarbital. Canad J Neurol Sci 1975;2:330-331. Leppik IE, Andermann E, Andermann F, et al. A syndrome of collagen vascular disease, spasticity and mental retardation in an inbred kindred. Excerpta Medical International Congress Series 1976;397:85-86. Cranford RE, Leppik IE, Patrick B, Anderson CB, Kostick B. Intravenous phenytoin: Clinical and pharmacokinetic aspects. Neurology 1977;27:376. Cloyd JC, Sawchuk RJ, Leppik IE, Pepin SM. The direct linear plot: use in estimating Michaelis-Menten parameters and individualizing phenytoin dosage regimens in epileptic patients. In: Wada JA, Penry JK, eds. Advances in Epileptology: Xth Epilepsy International Symposium, New York: Raven Press,1978:110. Cranford RE, Leppik IE, Patrick B, et al. Intravenous phenytoin in acute seizure disorders, Neurology, 1978;28:351-352.

7. 8.

9.

10. Leppik IE, Cloyd JC, Sawchuk RJ, Gumnit RJ, et al. Seizures and altered phenytoin metabolism in mononucleosis. The 10th Epilepsy International Symposium, Vancouver, Canada, September 10-14, 1978:269. 11. Miller KW, Cloyd JC, Leppik IE. Primidone pharmacokinetics: effect of concomitant anticonvulsant drugs and duration of therapy. The 10th Epilepsy International Symposium, Vancouver, Canada, September 10-14, 1978:184. 12. Pepin SM, Sawchuk RJ, Leppik IE, et al. Calculation of relative bioavailability of phenytoin utilizing steady state plasma levels and Michaelis-Menten parameters. American Society of Hospital Pharmacists, 13th Annual Mid-Year Clinical Meeting, 1978. 13. Ramsay E, Leppik IE, Strauss R, et al. Plasma clearance and volume of distribution of phenytoin during pregnancy. The 10th Epilepsy International Symposium, Vancouver, Canada, 1978:182.

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14. Sawchuk RJ, Leppik IE, Cranford RE. Pharmacokinetics of large dose intravenous phenytoin therapy. Excerpta Medic, International Congress Series #427, 11th World Congress of Neurology, 1978:149. 15. Whistler JW, ReMine WJ, Leppik IE, et al. Detection and quantification of paroxysmal EEG abnormalities: an analog circuit method. The 10th Epilepsy International Symposium, Vancouver, Canada, 1978:19. 16. Sussman NM, McLain W, Leppik IE. Hepatotoxicity of valproic acid. Neurology 1979;29:601. 17. Cloyd JC, Sawchuk RJ, Leppik IE, et al. The direct linear plot: use in estimating MichaelisMenten parameters and individualizing phenytoin dosage regimens in epileptic patients. In: Wada JA, Penry JK, eds. Advances in Epileptology: Xth Epilepsy International Symposium, Raven Press, Ltd., New York, 1980:506. 18. Kang H, Leppik IE. Rapid phenytoin metabolism following renal transplantation. Ann Neurol 1980;8:219-220. 19. Pepin SM, Leppik IE, Miller K. Maintenance of stable antiepileptic drug concentrations pharmacokinetic approach. Acta Neurol Scan 1980;62(Suppl 79):65. 20. Kang H, Leppik IE. Phenytoin binding in patients undergoing renal transplantation. Neurology 1981;3192:158. 21. Leppik IE, Lapora J, Loewenson RB. Seasonal occurrence of phenytoin hypersensitivity reactions. The 13th Epilepsy International Symposium, Kyoto, Japan, September 17-21 1981:132. 22. Beniak TE, Leppik IE, Bowman TE, Loewenson RB, Gumnit RJ. Development of tolerance to PHT and CBZ detected by neuropsychological performance. Epilepsia 1982;23:437-438. 23. Gates JR, Leppik IE, Yap J, Gumnit RJ. Effect of total corpus callosectomy on EEG. Epilepsia 1982;23:441. 24. Gates JR, Leppik IE, Yap J, Maxwell R, Fiol ME, Gumnit RJ. Clinical and EEG outcome in corpus callosotomy. Advances in Epileptology: 14th Epilepsy International Symposium, Raven Press, Ltd., New York Neurology 1982;32(2):A233. 25. Shope J, Ferguson K, Leppik IE, Hauser W, Van Dyne B. Correlates of antiepileptic drug compliance. Epilepsia 1982;23:439. 26. Leppik IE, Loewenson RB, Bowman TB, Beniak TE, Pepin SM, Gumnit RJ. Carbamazepine and phenytoin alone in combination in partial seizures. Neurology 1983;33(Suppl. 2):234. 27. Welty TE, Cloyd JC, Leppik IE, et al. Pharmacokinetics of progabide in patients receiving phenytoin and carbamazepine. Epilepsia 1983;24:522. 28. Bowman T, Leppik IE, Haus E. Periodicity of seizure activity in persons with complex partial seizures. Epilepsia 1984;25:658.
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29. Fuerst RH, Graves NM, Leppik IE, Remmel RP, Rosenfeld WE, Sierzant TL. A preliminary report on alteration of carbamazepine and phenytoin metabolism by felbamate. DICP, 1985;20:465. 30. Graves NM, Leppik IE, Cloyd JC, Brundage R, Ehresman D. Immediate and chronic effect of progabide on carbamazepine metabolism. Epilepsia 1985;26(5):538. 31. Leppik IE, Dreifuss FE, et al. A double-blind crossover evaluation of progabide in partial seizures. Neurology 1985;35:285. 32. Leppik IE, Cloyd TB, Loewenson R, Krall R, Cloyd JC, Jacobs MP. Use of sequential analysis in a double-blind withdrawal of carbamazepine and phenytoin. Epilepsia 1985;26(5):544. 33. Leppik IE, Gumnit RJ, Jacobs MP. Zonisamide in myoclonic epilepsy: a case report. Epilepsia 1985;26(5):537. 34. Anderson VE, Wilcox K, Leppik IE, Rich SS, Lykken DT, Hauser WA. Twin studies in the Minnesota Comprehensive Epilepsy Program. Actta Genet Med Gemellol-Twin Research, 1986;35(3-4):20A. 35. Browne TR, Fromm GH, Howard GF, Leppik IE, Matthews J, McLean JR, Penry JK, Terrence CF. Multicenter double-blind study of efficacy, safety of zonisamide (Cl-912) in the treatment of medically refractory tonic-clonic seizures. Neurology 1986;36:325. 36. Graves NM, Leppik IE, Gallagher TK, Rosenfeld WE, Parker D. Quantitative determination of phenytoin and phenobarbital in capillary blood through the use of Ames Seralyzer. Epilepsia 1986;27(5):622. 37. Jacobs MP, Wilcox BL, Taylor MR, Christenson PS, Leppik IE. Use of CLINFO as a database management system. Epilepsia 1986;27(5):622. 38. Leppik IE, Gumnit RJ, Jacobs MP, Henry T. Intractable myoclonic seizures treated with zonisamide. Neurology 1986;36:327. 39. Leppik IE, Oles KS, Sheehan M, et al. Phenytoin and phenobarbital concentrations in serum: a comparison of Ames SERALYZER with GLC, TDX and EMIT. Epilepsia 1986;27(5):622. 40. Rosenfeld WE, Beniak TE, Gates JR, Leppik IE. Barbiturate induced depression measured by serial Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI) testing. Epilepsia 1986;27(5):634. 41. Rosenfeld WE, Beniak TE, Gates JR. Differentiating psychogenic from physiologic seizure patients. Epilepsia 1986;27(5):632. 42. Sheridan PH, Ashworth K, Milne K, White BG, Santilli N, Lothman EW, Dreifuss FE, Jacobs MP, Martinez T, Leppik IE. Open pilot study of felbamate in partial seizures. Epilepsia 1986;27(5):649.

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43. Graves NM, Holmes GB, Fuerst RH, Leppik IE. Effect of felbamate on phenytoin and carbamazepine serum co