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IN THE UNITED STATES DISTRICT COURT FOR THE DISTRICT OF DELAWARE KEURIG, INCORPORATED, Plaintiff, v. KRAFT FOODS GLOBAL, INC., TASSIMO CORPORATION, and KRAFT FOODS INC., Defendants. Civil Action No. 07-017-GMS REDACTED PUBLIC VERSION
KEURIG'S MOTION IN LIMINE NO. 2 MOTION TO PRECLUDE KRAFT'S EXPERT FROM TESTIFYING ABOUT KRAFT'S TESTING OF SINGLES CARTRIDGES
John W. Shaw (No. 3362) [email protected] Adam W. Poff (No. 3990) [email protected] YOUNG CONAWAY STARGATT & TAYLOR, LLP The Brandywine Building 1000 West Street, 17th Floor Wilmington, DE 19801 (302) 571-6600 Michael A. Albert Michael N. Rader WOLF, GREENFIELD & SACKS, P.C. 600 Atlantic Ave. Boston, MA 02210 (617) 646-8000 Attorneys for Plaintiff Keurig, Incorporated Dated: August 4, 2008
DB02:7054202.1
065927.1001
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CERTIFICATE OF SERVICE I, Karen E. Keller, Esquire, hereby certify that on August 11, 2008, a true and correct copy of the foregoing document was electronically filed with the Clerk of the Court using CM/ECF which will send notification that such filing is available for viewing and downloading to the following counsel of record: Richard L. Horwitz, Esquire [[email protected]] David E. Moore, Esquire [[email protected]] Potter Anderson & Corroon LLP Hercules Plaza 1313 North Market Street, 6th Floor Wilmington, Delaware 19801 Additionally, I hereby certify that on August 11, 2008, copies of the foregoing document were served by e-mail on the above-listed counsel of record and on the following nonregistered participants in the manner indicated below: BY E-MAIL David Schlitz, Esquire [[email protected]] Baker Botts L.L.P The Warner 1299 Pennsylvania Ave., NW Washington, D.C. 20004-2400 YOUNG CONAWAY STARGATT & TAYLOR, LLP /s/ Karen E. Keller John W. Shaw (No 3362) [[email protected]] Adam W. Poff (No. 3990) [[email protected]] Karen E. Keller (No. 4489) [[email protected]] The Brandywine Building 1000 West Street, 17th Floor Wilmington, DE 19801 (302)-571-6600 Attorneys for Plaintiff Keurig, Incorporated
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EXHIBIT 1
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EXHIBIT 2
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In The Matter Of:
KEURIG, INCORPORATEDv. KRAFT FOODS GLOBAL, INC
___________________________________________________
MALCOLM E. TAYLOR
July 3, 2008
___________________________________________________
MERRILL LEGAL SOLUTIONS
101 Arch Street, 3rd Floor Boston, MA 02110
PH: 6175420300 / FAX: 6173386075
TAYLOR, MALCOLM E. Vol. 1
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Q. My name is Mike Rader. My colleague is Charlie Steenburg. I'm going to be asking you some questions today obviously. Have you had your deposition taken before? A. No. Q. Have you ever served as an expert witness in litigation before? A. No. Q. Do you understand that whenever I ask a question, you need to answer verbally? A. Yes. Q. And we'll try to go quickly given the timing, but if you do need to take a break, will you just let me know? A. Sure. MR. SCHLITZ: Every hour or so I'm going to insist we take a break. It's tiresome and tedious to be asked questions, so we will take a break along the way. BY MR. RADER: Q. Do you understand that if Mr. Schlitz makes an objection to a question that I ask you, you still need to answer the question? A. Yes.
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Q. Do you still do any work with FMI? A. Yes, I do on a consulting basis. Q. Are you still doing any work for FMI that relates to Kraft? A. Not at this moment. Q. How recently were you doing work at FMI that related to Kraft? A. It was '06 -- 2006. Q. How long did that project last? A. It lasted for about six months, I think. Q. All during 2006? A. Yes, in the early part. Q. And more specifically what were you working on with regard to the T-disc cartridge? A. We were looking at a number of concepts for improving the construction. One aim was to reduce the costs. We were looking at options in the barrier issues. We were looking at issues in structure which would make it easier in assembly and basically areas like that. I think we had about six concepts all together. Q. What do you mean when you say six concepts? A. Six ideas, if you like. Q. Six parts of the project?
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Q. Prior to working on this case, did you ever do any work for Kraft? A. Yes. Q. Can you describe that work? A. Yes. I, along with others in FMI which is where I used to work which is Foster-Miller, we had worked in '06 on the Tassimo device. Q. What was the nature of your work on Tassimo? A. We were doing some conceptual work on the design. It was really an advanced design to -- actually, on one hand improve some things on it. Others were to incorporate maybe the milk, for example, into the package. Q. Were you working on the cartridges or the brewer? A. On the cartridges. We were not involved with the brewer at all. Q. Do I understand correctly Foster-Miller was hired as some kind of consultant to Kraft? A. Yes, that's fine. Yes, we were. Q. You were an employee of Foster-Miller at the time. Are you since retired? A. I'm semi-retired, but I am retired from FMI. Q. FMI is Foster-Miller, Inc.? A. Yes, right.
A. No, no. These were different design ideas, if you like, which may be made into a design on its own had we gone ahead with them. As it happened we didn't go ahead with them. They were offered as concepts which is really ideas, and they were left at that stage at Kraft, I believe, after the middle of '06. Q. So are you saying that Kraft decided not to implement any of the suggestions that you made? A. Yes. I believe so, yes. Q. How did the consulting engagement with Kraft get started? A. It was started through Ed Goldman most likely who is over marketing and over the group basically within FMI. We have done work in other departments within Kraft, so we knew individuals at Kraft, not specifically in England, but in other areas over here in the U.S. Q. What other work had you done for Kraft in the past? A. The other work involved working the cheese area up in the Chicago area, I think. We had done several things up there, but nothing else in the coffee area. Q. And during what time period did you do work in the cheese area for Kraft?
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A. That would have been probably around 2000-ish. I'm not sure exactly the date. I can't remember. Q. That's fine. Aside from the cheese work that you did and the work that you did in '06 on the T-disc, was there anything else that you've done for Kraft over the years? A. No, not that I can remember. Q. Were you the person that Kraft approached for the T-disc project or was there somebody else in the company? A. It would have been Ed Goldman who is the VP of our group basically. Q. And how did you end up getting assigned to that project? A. Mainly because I was a senior engineer and because I have a lot of experience and background in disposable packages in working in the medical industry amongst other things and other companies on and off over the years, some of which are in the coffee industry, not specifically in this area, but overall related to coffee in some way or another. Q. Did you work with any engineers at Kraft during the T-disc project? A. Yes. Mostly based in England.
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Q. Did your work on the T-disc relate in any way to the pierceability of the lid? A. No. Q. Did it relate to the fluid flow in the cartridge at all? A. No. No, it did not. Q. You mentioned barrier issues. What was that about? A. Oh, it was on the overall container. We were looking at options of making a design which would largely improve the barrier. Q. Just in general what kinds of options were you looking at? A. We were looking at fillers in the propylene. We had also looked at coatings as well as a barrier. They are both viable, so -Q. During that consulting engagement did you become aware of the singles cartridge technology? A. No, we did not. Q. So was the first time that you became aware of the singles cartridge technology in connection with your consulting for this case? A. With this case, right. Q. Had you ever seen it or used it in your life before? A. No, I had not.
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Q. Who are those engineers? A. The only one I can remember is Lee Rowan, I think. I don't remember the other guys to be honest. Q. Does the name John MacMahon ring a bell? A. Not from that time. I have read his deposition of course, but no, I don't recollect that name at the time. Q. Did you have any contact with Andrew Halliday regarding the T-disc? A. Not that I can remember anyway. Q. What about Andrew Bentley? A. No, I don't remember their names at all. There were -- you know, we had met with only one or two individuals who were over with us in the U.S., and to be really honest, I'm not even sure who they were right now. I don't think it was Lee. Q. During that T-disc project that you did, did you travel to the U.K. to their facility? A. No, we didn't. Q. You had a meeting in the U.S.? A. We had a meeting in the U.S. We had a meeting on the phone with them at one stage when we had all the concepts together, so we had a conference with them on the phone.
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MR. RADER: Just to read into the record, so far I've marked three exhibits; No. 1, entitled Expert Witness Report of Malcolm Taylor; No. 2, Rebuttal Expert Witness Report of Malcolm Taylor; and No. 3, List of Documents and Information Considered. Q. Are Nos. 1 and 2, are those the two expert reports -A. Yes. Q. -- that you prepared? A. Yes. MR. SCHLITZ: Let me just say, so that the record is clear, wait for him to finish his question and then you can answer because otherwise it's difficult for the court reporter. BY MR. RADER: Q. No. 3, is that the list of -- we took No. 3, by the way, from your rebuttal report. Is that the list of everything that you reviewed? A. It looks like it is. I haven't looked at it. Yes, it is. Q. Okay. A. Yes. Q. So Exhibits 1 and 2, these two reports, is it fair
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his CV, Professor Slocum would be unable to do that? A. I don't think he has background to understand, mainly because he doesn't have the experience. I'm not saying he isn't able to understand at all, but he doesn't have the experience. That's really all I'm saying. He could learn it, I'm sure. Q. If it turned out that he had enough experience to do that, would you change your opinion about whether he was one of skill in the art? A. No, because I still believe you need experience in all the processes which are used in packaging design and also assembly in the way of machinery, et cetera. Q. You didn't talk to Professor Slocum in the course of your work on the case, did you? A. No, I have not. Q. Did you review his publications? A. No. There was a long list of them, and I didn't review them. Q. Did you look at the patents that he is an inventor on? A. I looked at them in title only, but that's all. Q. You didn't pull the patents themselves? A. No, I did not. I'm sure he is a bright guy.
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a solid, powders, whether it's for packaging a protection around a device in the medical industry, whether it's around a drug, and all these elements, whether it's pills or liquids or powders, have been packaged in flexible packaging over the years which have needed a barrier all the way around, not only in the lid, but in the base all the way around. Some packages out there are made out of aluminum entirely. Q. Does a consumer packaging engineer -- in your experience, do people like that work on teams? Do they work alone? How does that work? A. If you are working in a larger company, they more often would work as a team, less as an individual. If you are working for an R&D company like FMI, one normally works in small groups where you'd have a lead engineer and a designer. You would work maybe with somebody else on graphics or somebody involved in the user interface. Q. So is it commonplace to split up projects into pieces that different members of the team would do? A. Yes. Once everybody is aware of the overall objective, if you like, sure, that would be normal. Q. And how do you then fit those pieces together?
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Q. So I guess my question is, how did you conclude that he wasn't one of skill in the art without having done any of that investigation, finding out whether he has the skills you've been describing? A. We have many PhDs in FMI. I have worked with many of them in materials, and I've worked with others in mechanical engineering. I've known professors at MIT over the years because I have worked with them at specific times, and I know well enough that if you are an academic 80 percent of the time, you are not, No. 1, a design engineer and, No. 2, you are not really an experienced packaging engineer. Q. So you are assuming that he doesn't have those skills or spend much of his time in those things; is that fair to say? A. Exactly. Q. If that assumption turned out to be wrong, would you revisit your conclusion? A. If it was proven at any time, sure. Q. Now, in the field of consumer packaging, let's call it, what does one of skill in the art in that field ordinarily do at a company? A. Well, he would be involved in designing packages for a specific use, whether it's for packaging a liquid,
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A. Well, it's up to the lead engineer to keep overall control on the project as a whole, and he would supervise individuals who are looking after graphics and individuals in materials, on looking ahead at how you would make it in the long run, and production, what machinery is available, whether it's available as is or whether you have to design and build machinery on a specialty basis. Q. And have you been a lead engineer on those kind of teams? A. Yes, I have. Q. In the consumer packaging area? A. I have. Yes, I have. Q. In the contents of, you know -- I know you distinguish between consulting companies and product companies, but in the context of a company like Kraft or Keurig, it would be more of the team concept? A. Yes. It would be, yes. Q. And does the lead engineer have to evaluate the work that's done by the people working under him on the team? A. Yes, he does usually on a daily basis all depending on the urgency of the project.
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Q. How does that work? Is it through meetings or memos or what? A. Meetings, e-mails, memos, personal one-to-one, all depending on the urgency or importance of the aspect that you are looking into, and sometimes you have to work with a company on the outside, you know, a supplier of materials. Q. In your experience as lead engineer, did you have people working under you that prototyped devices for you? A. Yes. Q. How would you evaluate the effectiveness of that prototyping? A. Well, depending on the level of prototyping, if it was fairly involved, you might work with a machine company who would ultimately make an automatic machine which would assemble each of the elements in the package, and he would work with you on the development basis or if it's a fairly simple package where you could easily make up a model in the lab, then you do it in-house. That would all depend on the complexity and all the rest of it. Q. So in good engineering practice, does the lead engineer himself examine the prototype or can you
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people write up memos or logbooks about the -A. Yes, yes, yes. I'm sorry. You do have a logbook that you update every -- usually at the end of the day so you know what you've done. If you didn't, you wouldn't have any reliable data at all because as you develop you may have to back up and you may have to go in a different route if you are up against a block somewhere. Q. Are there standards for good engineering practice about how much detail you need in those logs or memos? A. No, not really. It really depends on what your objectives are and how rapidly the whole thing is moving along. You would have timelines all depending on how large the program is altogether, and you'd have an objective to reach each stepping stone, if you like, which would offer you a benchmark on how things are going, and if everything is working as it ought to be, then you maybe have a meeting at that stage and then you move on. Q. As the lead engineer would you expect the people working under you to communicate to you all of the information that they had recorded about the stuff they are working on?
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just rely on the people under you? A. No. He would be involved at every step along the way. Q. So you would personally examine the prototype to see how it worked? A. Because you are developing it, you want to make sure that all the objectives that you are looking at in the design specification are being met. It's okay to have a rough design where you are doing a test rig and, you know, you have a leak here and a leak there. It isn't important. You are looking at the overall concept to make sure the overall concept is working, then as you move along you develop other issues in the process of whatever else you are developing. Q. Do you sometimes get memos from people on the team or from outside consultants or vendors about different parts of the project? A. Once in a while if you are working in an area where you would need a consultant then you might have to hire one, but if it's within our own area of expertise, obviously we wouldn't. Q. But in terms of the work product that goes in along the way in these projects, how does that work? Do
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A. Yes. At least all the relevant information, sure. In other words anything that related to functional operation which was critical, if you like. Q. So if somebody working under you was testing a prototype or a product, you'd expect to get all the reports that they generated about that testing? A. Yes, or I'd go and look at it myself. Q. Would your standards for evaluating written work product be any different when you are dealing with an outside consultant that's not within your own company? A. No. It would be the same, I think. Q. You'd expect the outside people to adhere to the same standards -A. Yes. Q. -- of your own company? A. Absolutely. Q. You'd communicate those standards to them? A. When you say a standard, there really isn't any standard per se of engineering effort, if you like. There are engineering standards involved in design and drawing and symbols and all that stuff. That's a standard, but as far as how you organize your work, how you do your work on a day-to-day basis is
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usually up to the lead engineer or whatever, you know. Q. If you had hired an outside company to do some testing of a product or prototype, would you expect to have the opportunity to speak to them directly about their results? A. Absolutely. You would work with them on a day-to-day basis, even to go over there to visit with them. Absolutely. Q. So would it be enough to get from them just a written report or a compilation of data or would you need to be able to interact? A. You'd have to interact, yes. Q. Why is that so important? A. Well, if you've got a product that you are developing and you are responsible for making it work, whatever it is, then you want to make sure that the vendor or consultant is in line with what you are thinking. Q. And if they say they've done a test, would you take their word for it -A. No, I wouldn't. Q. -- that it's the right test or would you -A. No. I would visit with them. We'd have a meeting.
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through the coffee bed, up through the filter into the chamber which is up above the filter and then up and over into the outlet which is on the opposite end. That's it basically. It's a simple operation. Q. Okay. I'll just try to break it down a little bit. When the cartridge goes into the machine, is it foil up or foil down? A. Foil down. Q. And there is a beveled inlet at the part that goes into the machine first; is that right? A. I've never looked at the singles machine, but I assume it enters in this way. Q. And so on one end of the singles cartridge there is -- it's square, and on the other end it's got like a point to it? A. Yes. Q. And on that end with a point there is a beveled inlet in the hard plastic case? A. Yes. Q. And that's where you are saying the water inlet device punctures through? A. Yes. It pushes out the blank at the bottom of the hole. Q. Did you look at some -- just as an aside, did you
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We'd have a look at how they are doing the testing. Q. Okay. Now, I'd like to grab a -MR. SCHLITZ: We've gone for an hour. If you want to go for more, I don't want to go for more than another ten minutes, so if you want it take a break now or you want to -MR. RADER: Let's take a short break. That's fine. (Recess.) (Exhibit 5, Cartridge marked for identification.) BY MR. RADER: Q. Mr. Taylor, we've marked a cartridge as Exhibit 5, and that's a single cartridge; is that correct? A. Yes. Q. When you worked on this case you had a chance to study those? A. Yes. Q. Can you describe in your own words how that cartridge works in its normal operation? A. Yes. The blank at the bottom of the hole on, if you like, the top side is pushed into the cartridge. Water is introduced, runs along the channels on the inside and then into the coffee bed. Water runs up
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look at some cartridges -- some singles cartridges that didn't have that blank there? A. Yes, they just have a hole. Q. So in that case the inlet device just goes right into the hole without having to punch out a blank? A. Right. Q. It then introduces the water through that hole into a manifold; is that correct? A. Yes. Q. And then the water feeds through the slots in the manifold into the coffee bed? A. Yes. Q. And then the resulting liquid goes through -- in the orientation when it's brewing it goes up through the filter? A. Right, that's correct. Q. And it travels through a slot over to the outlet; is that correct? A. That's correct. Q. And then it goes down through the outlet? A. Yes, that's correct. Q. And then in the machine there is a piercing device that pierces the foil that covers the outlet? A. Yes.
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Q. Kraft engineers? A. Yes, right. Q. Actually before I get to that, let me just ask you one more question. Did you try to -- aside from testing the singles cartridges, did you try to create a test product or prototype based on either the '234 Patent or the '130 Patent that you offered opinions on? A. With the water you mean? Q. Did you actually build what was shown in those patents? A. No, I didn't. Q. Okay. So your opinions on those are strictly based on what's written? A. On the drawings, what's actually written, yes, right. Q. Now, on pages 8 and 9 of your report you also talk about some tests that were done by engineers at Kraft; is that right? A. Yes. Q. Were you present when any of those tests were performed? A. No, I was not. Q. Have you spoken with Mr. Bentley or Mr. Rowan or any
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A. Yes. Q. You didn't have any other pictures of the rig or anything like that? A. No. This is what I remember. Q. So what is your understanding of what's shown in Exhibit 13? A. Well, 13 is just a volume of liquid. That's all that's indicated from different cavities of the housings, I assume, but that's how I took it to read. Q. So what is the -- it says "mold number" on the upper left and then "cavity number." What do those numbers refer to? A. Mold would be a mold for making the housings and because its multi-cavity-type mold, it's really a means of identifying the cartridge itself, the housing anyway. Q. And what's the significance of that information on this chart? A. Well, it's just the amount of Mls that he took out, that he was able to get out or at least the repeatability, I guess. That's all I can get out of it. Q. In other words why are the mold and cavity numbers
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other Kraft engineer about those tests? A. No, I did not. Q. How did you find out about those tests? A. I had the information from my counsel. Q. What information was that? A. There was a drawing of the test and the results of the test and the depositions obviously of Rowan and whoever else, Andrew Bentley, right. Q. Now, you understand that they both used a test rig? A. Yeah, I understand that. Q. Have you seen that rig? A. No. Only in picture form. Q. Have you seen pictures of it? A. Well, only what was in the picture with the device in there as well. Q. Let's grab those pages. I have a document that's previously been marked as I believe Exhibit 13. I can't read the handwriting exactly. Then I have Exhibit 91. A. Uh-huh. Q. Then I have Exhibit 202. A. This is all I had. Q. So you've got Exhibits 13, 91 and 202 in front of you. You said that this is all you had?
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listed here? What does that add to this table? A. I'm not sure, to be honest. Q. Okay. A. You know, I understand there were issues, not really issues, but there were questions about alterations and molds over the years and all the rest of it, and I took it that it was part of that. Q. But as you sit here today you don't know specifically why that stuff is listed on this page? A. No. There is not a lot of meaning there because it merely indicates a mold number and cavity number or date or at least a month anyway with a volume in CCs. There is no other data there. Q. So the month and manufacturer, what does that refer to? A. I assume of the cartridge with the coffee in it. Q. And there are some Decembers and Novembers, but do you know what years those were? A. No, I don't. Q. Do you know whether these were the cartridges with the open hole or the closed holes? A. There is no identification. Q. Do you know whether these were singles cartridges or T-discs?
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A. These are singles. I was aware of that. Q. Okay. And then on the right-hand column, the Mls, what does that refer to? A. I assume it's the amount of coffee which they were able or liquid or whatever that they were able to extract out of the rig that they had. Q. Is it the input or the output? A. No. It's output, I think, but they are all within a small amount of each other, so it's insignificant in my mind. They are all essentially the same. Q. Who created this document? A. This I believe was Andrew Bentley, I think. Q. What tests did he do to create this document? A. He had the one which is shown on Exhibit 91. Q. So he used the device that's shown in Exhibit 91? A. I assumed, yes. Q. You say you assumed. Do you know one way or another whether it was that device or a different device that led to the results in Exhibit 13? A. No, because I can't remember, to be honest. I've read such a lot of data and depositions, I can't remember to be honest. Q. Okay. So it could have been a different device that led to these results?
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Q. I see. Now, in the tests shown in Exhibit 13 do you know were those made -- were those results through same-side piercing or opposite-side piercing? A. I think they were on the same-side piercing. Q. And how was the cartridge oriented in the tests? A. It was vertical. Q. And where was the inlet piercing made in the test for Exhibit 13? A. It was in a number of locations. It's on the drawing here, A, B, C, D, E, I think. Q. So you are referring to the picture in Exhibit 91? A. On 91, sorry, yes. Q. So in the tests that led to Exhibit 13, all the various inlet positions were used that are shown in Exhibit 91? A. I assume so. They were all in the vertical in this test, I think. Q. But in terms of which inlet position was used for each of the tests shown in Exhibit 13, do you know which one or ones it was? A. Well, they have them on that page actually. It indicates on the -- above the drawing. Q. I see. So that the tests that are listed in the table on Exhibit 91 are the same tests that are
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A. It may well have been. I'm just assuming because I don't remember. Q. Okay. Do you know if these were coffee cartridges or tea cartridges? A. I believe they were coffee cartridges, I think, from what I remember. Q. Do you remember what type of cartridges? A. They were -- I think they used Lambert and Rychiger type of cartridges. Q. And that's for the results in Exhibit 13? A. Yes, and also maybe on 202. Is that what it is? Yeah. Q. And do you know what type of coffee was in the cartridges that were used to get the results in Exhibit 13? A. Only what's on the paper. There is a brand there on 202 which they talk about. Q. I see. Now Exhibit 202, is that recording information about the same tests as Exhibit 13? A. I'm assuming it is at this stage because I don't remember as I say. Q. Okay. A. Because on this particular one he's also talking about drink volume.
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listed in the table on Exhibit 13? A. That's what I'm assuming, yeah, because I didn't have any other information. I mean I had this one obviously which is over the picture which they had. Q. Okay. A. It's obviously measuring the volume out of the different positions or -- well, yeah, the positions of the -- where the inlet was pierced, and they are all in essence the same. Q. Okay. A. The difference is insignificant anyway. Q. Now, to your knowledge did Mr. Bentley taste any of the liquids that he produced with the rig? A. He did not, I don't think, from what I remember. Q. Do you know if anyone else at Kraft, Mr. Rowan or Mr. MacMahon, tasted any of it? A. I don't believe so. Q. Now, can you just describe in your own words how the rig that they used functioned? A. The way I understand it is they had a clamp on the back or plate, if you like, on the back of the cartridge and then another one over the front of it with some holes in it which would indicate the positions of the inlet pierces, if you like, and
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there was a rubber gasket in between the plate on the outside and against the cartridge, so there was a gasket which would eliminate leakage and in between the outer plate with the holes in the cartridge itself, and then it was tightened up by finger load -- finger tensioning, if you like. Q. What do you mean by "finger tensioning"? A. Well, to tighten up the wing nuts. Q. And where was the hot water coming from? A. It was a tube which was introduced in through the rubber which was sandwiched, if you like, in between the outer plate and the cartridge itself. Q. And what was feeding that tube? A. There would be water from the supply, hot water. Q. Do you know what type of supply it was? A. No, I have no recollection other than it was hot water. That's all I remember. Q. Do you know at what pressure the water was fed in? A. No, I don't. Q. And then how was the water -- how did the water exit the cartridge? A. Out through the outlet which is on the other side in this case. Q. What did the piercers for the inlet and the outlet
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Q. I'm sorry. What marks around the hole? A. I had seen somewhere -- it was a drawing, I think. No. It was a picture, and it showed an inlet hole in through the foil and it was a little jagged. It's a little bit like the outlet piercer which they use on the Tassimo, I think. Q. Was it taken from the Tassimo? A. I don't know. I'm not sure if it was. I assumed it was, but I don't know. Q. And with regard to the outlet piercer, was that taken from any machine? A. It may well have been, but I'm not sure again. Q. And who actually made the test rig? A. I believe it was a mix of Bentley and Rowan, Andrew Bentley and Lee Rowan. One of them or the technician who was working with them arrived at a test rig, I guess. Q. So it is a combined effort -A. I think so from what I read, yes. Q. -- between Rowan and Bentley and the technician? A. Yeah, that's what I assumed. Q. You mentioned a rubber pad? A. Yeah. I named it a gasket because that's what it is.
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look like? A. The piercers, I believe they had used the ones which they use on the existing or off one of the existing piercers on the brewer or one of the brewers where I think on the inlets they had a serrated tube ending which allowed them to pierce, but it made a rather ragged entry hole. I don't think it's what I would have used, but that's all right. Q. So for both the inlet and the outlet they had this serrated item? A. The inlet was a little different, I think. They had one which they use on all the outlets, I think, which is where they cut around most of the periphery with a serrated edge and then they pull it over to one side. Q. I'm sorry. That's for the inlet or the outlet? A. That's the outlet, sorry. Q. So for the outlet they use the same jagged outlet piercers that they used in the singles machine? A. It was different. It was the one they usually use on the outlet, and I think the inlet one -- I don't know. They might have been the same. I'm not sure because I didn't see any indication exactly. I was only looking at the marks in and around the hole.
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Q. Where was that located? A. In between the front of the -- it was up against the front of the lid, the foil lid, and under a plate which went on top of it. Q. Okay. A. So it was compressed basically to some degree anyway. Q. So that it was pressing against the foil side of the cartridge? A. Yes. Q. And it was forming a seal around the edge wall of the cartridge? A. It would form around the periphery of the cartridge, yes, and depending on how they went in with the piercer itself, I assume they had a pretty good seal between the piercer and the rubber gasket. Q. Do you know enough about the details of that? A. No, I don't. I really don't because I didn't see it. Q. So you don't -A. I'm just looking at what I read. Q. So you don't know whether that seal formed right around the needle or not? A. No, I don't know. I don't know the detail of that.
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leakage or spillage in the Kraft rig that they were using? A. I have no idea. I really don't know. Q. So if they did have spillage as you've been describing, would their tests -MR. SCHLITZ: Objection. Misrepresents his testimony. BY MR. RADER: Q. If they did have some spillage under the gasket or whatever, would their tests have shown the cartridge accommodating an inflow? A. I mean I don't think they were really -- you know, any test you make up isn't going to be perfect in any -- it isn't really meant to. It's got a product. Q. Right. A. One might expect leakage anyway, so to use that as a benchmark is probably not reasonable. I mean I would design it so it did not leak and then say, Okay, it's not a benchmark. To say, you know, if it's leaking is it a benchmark, I don't think so. Q. Well, I guess my question was a little different. If you are getting spillage even under a gasket, would you consider that a demonstration of the
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A. No, not that I can recollect anyway. Q. If Mr. Bentley had prepared a report about the testing that he did, is that something you'd want to see? A. I'd be interested, but it's not critical. Q. Well, I guess you don't know what's in it, but -A. I would be interested, but -Q. Not knowing what's in it, is it possible that there might be some information in that report that would be important to you formulating your opinions? A. I don't think so. Q. Why do you say that? A. Just because in my expert opinion what they had was a rough test, and I wouldn't have used the methodology which they did use, so anything I arrive up with would be different, and I don't think there is anything novel in what they did which would end up outside of what I would learn if I did my own test rig. Q. And the test rig that you described that you might use, did you actually go ahead and make any of those? A. I could if I wanted. I haven't. Q. Okay. But in connection with your work on the case,
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cartridge accommodating an inflow? A. Yeah, I think so because it's contained. Q. So as long as it's contained? A. That's all that matters, sure. It isn't the ideal but it's contained. Q. So now if you were designing an apparatus to test out the same-side piercing technique with the singles cartridges, would you want to verify the results that you saw from Kraft in these three documents? A. No. Q. Why not? A. I'd rather design my own which would work better. That's all. Q. So you wouldn't rely on another party, you would want to do your own? A. Use my own, sure. Q. Other than these three documents, Exhibit 13, 91 and 202, did you get any other documentation of any kind of tests that the Kraft engineers did? A. No, that's about it. Q. Did you see a report -- again, other than these three pages, did you see any other report prepared by Mr. Bentley, for example?
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you haven't done any of that? A. No, I haven't done any other testing, no. Q. Okay. MR. SCHLITZ: Will you be taking a break? MR. RADER: Why don't we take a couple of minutes? (Recess.) (Exhibit 12, Patent 4,853,234 marked for identification.) BY MR. RADER: Q. Mr. Taylor, I've now placed in front of you Exhibit 12 which is a copy of the '234 Patent that you studied; is that correct? A. Right, yes. Q. Can you begin by just describing in your own words how this cartridge is described as operating, and I'm referring to the embodiment that's shown on the front page of the patent? A. Yes, the main one, sure. Well, the water would come up from the bottom and this is designed to run along the manifold pathways in through castellations into the coffee bed. This design has a gross filter for holding back larger particles which are formed with a lid on the top which is another foil lid, so it's
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that there were records from a Lambert line that had been destroyed in the past? A. Yeah, I think so. Q. So you obviously didn't have those destroyed records in front of you, right? A. No, I didn't. Q. So you don't know whether those destroyed records show medium roast being manufactured on Lambert lines? A. No, I really don't know. Q. So you can't really say with any degree of confidence today that during that time period there was no medium roast manufactured on Lambert lines for which records have been destroyed? A. I'm assuming, but I don't know, right. Q. In your opinion is the ground coffee in a singles cartridge a soluble beverage medium? A. Yes, because solubility -- under the action of hot water, it would take up coffee solids, and therefore it's water soluble. Q. Is your opinion the same for the ground coffee in T-discs? A. Yes, I believe so. I mean the rates are different, but -Page 171
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Q. Did you run those numbers? A. No, I didn't. I made some rough measurements and it looks larger. I didn't run it. I mean I had read that somebody else had done it, so -Q. But you yourself didn't actually do the calculation? A. Not on that. I did on the wall thickness. Q. Okay. What does frusto-conical mean? A. That's a good question. As I understand it it's a cone with the top removed -- with the point removed. If you have a cone and you cut it short, what's remaining is a frusto-conical shape, if you like. Q. Now, as part of your work on the case I understand you reviewed certain deposition transcripts? A. Yes, right. Q. And those included Kraft engineers as well as some Keurig personnel? A. Only one I think from Keurig and that was Mr. Lazaris, I think. Q. Okay. And you didn't follow up and have conversations with any of the people whose transcripts you read to sort of evaluate what they were saying? A. No, I haven't. Q. Is it fair to say that in doing your analysis you
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Q. You talk in your report about permeability of cartridges? A. Right. Q. And do you recall talking about surface areas and wall thicknesses -A. Yes. Q. -- of cartridges? A. Yes. Q. Did you do any independent testing of your own on the surface area or wall thickness? A. Yes, I did actually. I did some measurement on the walls to -- of each cartridge, actually. Q. What measurement did you do? A. Well, the singles is about 022 thick in thousandths of an inch. The T-disc was between 18 and 20 thousandths, of that order. Q. So you used a caliper to measure those? A. Yes. Q. So there was a slight difference in the thickness? A. Yes, thinner on the T-disc. Q. What about surface area? Did you do any calculation? A. Surface area is bigger because it's a diameter and you actually have more surface area.
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had to assume that everything you were reading in those transcripts was accurate? A. Yeah. That's the only thing I had, yes. Q. So in doing your analysis for purposes of this case, you couldn't -- given that you weren't actually talking to these people, you couldn't dismiss anything they were saying in their transcripts; is that true? A. I only had -- the only thing I had to rely on were the transcripts. Yeah, that's all I had. MR. RADER: Okay. I thank you very much for coming down today. I'm done asking questions. I know Mr. Schlitz has a few questions for you so we'll turn it over to him. MR. SCHLITZ: I'm going to take a break to figure out what I want to ask him. (Recess.) EXAMINATION BY MR. SCHLITZ: Q. Mr. Taylor, I have a few questions that I would like to ask you to clarify some of your statements because I think that some of Mr. Rader's questions were misleading and unfair. I'd like the record to be clear on this. MR. RADER: Objection. Misleading.
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BY MR. SCHLITZ: Q. If you would turn to page 3 of your report, your expert report? A. Page 3? Q. Yes, please, under summary of opinions; do you see that? A. Yes. Q. The first two lines you say, "In my opinion the Kenco's Singles Cartridge, and more specifically the Kenco Singles Medium Roast Cartridge, embodies each and every limitation of claims 1, 2, 8, 9 and 10 of the '762 Patent"; do you see that? A. Yes. Q. Is that opinion based upon or dependent upon Mr. Bentley's and/or Mr. Rowan's test? A. No. Q. What is that based on? A. Based on my own assessment of each of the elements in the patent. Q. Okay. But do you believe that Mr. Rowan and Mr. Bentley's test and test results are sufficient to prove that each element of these claims is satisfied? A. Yes.
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Yes. And I believe you said no? Right. But is the structure disclosed or shown in the '234 Patent capable of same-side piercing? A. Yes, absolutely. Q. And is it capable of -- is the lid section overlying the first chamber where the coffee grounds are stored or beverage is being stored capable of being pierced to permit an inflow of liquid? A. Yes, absolutely. Q. Now, you talked about -- he asked you some questions that elicited the response that it would be designed to seal; do you remember that? A. Yes, I think so. Q. You kept talking about "it." When you were responding to those questions, what was the "it" that you were referring to? MR. RADER: Objection to form. You can answer. A. It was -MR. RADER: You don't need my permission, but -A. Well, I was referring to the brewer. It isn't the
A. Q. A. Q.
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Q. Okay. Now, Mr. Rader asked you whether you believed that -- he asked you whether the '234 Patent to Bentley described same-side piercing; do you remember that? A. Yes. Q. And you answered no; do you remember that? A. Yes. Q. What did you mean did it describe same-side piercing? A. What I meant, I think it was capable of same-side piercing even though it isn't actually described, but it's obviously capable because it has foil on one side and non-foil on the other. Q. But when you say describe it, whether it describes it, did you mean that it doesn't discuss same-side piercing? A. Yes. That's what I meant, yeah. Q. But in your opinion does the '234 Patent show a structure that is capable of same-side piercing? A. Yes. That's what I've said, right. Q. Okay. Now, similarly he asked you some questions whether the '234 Patent -- the structure in the '234 Patent is designed for same-side piercing; do you remember that?
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package because the package is a passive device. The only thing that can introduce any action is a brewer. I mean if you didn't have that, you wouldn't have anything. Q. So all of those questions he asked you about what you would design to create sealing, were you talking about the cartridge or were you talking about the brewer? A. No. I was talking about the brewer and if I had to design and build a test rig which had to do with brewing rather than anything else, yeah. Q. Do you have any doubt that with a test rig or a brewer that is properly designed for success, as opposed to being designed for failure, that the Kenco Singles Cartridge meets all of the elements of the assorted claims? A. Yes, absolutely. Q. Now, if you would take Taylor Exhibit 12 -- before we go to Exhibit 12, let me ask you, as a design engineer if given the cartridge -- the Kenco Singles Cartridge and asked to design a piercing mechanism as part of a brewer for that to work in -A. Okay. Q. -- would you design it for success?
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EXHIBITS 3-8
REDACTED IN THEIR ENTIRETY
DB02:5762407.1
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RULE 7.1.1 CERTIFICATION I hereby certify that counsel for Plaintiff has complied with Rule 7.1.1 of the Local Rules of Civil Practice and Procedure of the United States District Court for the District of Delaware.
/s/ Adam W. Poff Adam W. Poff (No. 3990)
DB01:1341858.1